436 MOLLUSCA—GASTROPODA SUB-KINGDOM VI 
Sub-Order C. TELEOPLACOPHORA. Pilsbry. 
All valves, or the first seven, with insertion plates cut into teeth by slits; the teeth 
sharply sculptured (pectinated) outside by fine vertical grooves. 
Family 1. Chitonidae. Pilsbry. 
Characters those of the sub-order. Tertiary and Recent. 
The family is illustrated by the following genera, of which only the first two oceur in 
the fossil condition :—Chiton, Linné ; Trachyodon, Dall; Eudoxochiton, Shuttleworth ; 
Tonicia, Schizochiton, Enoplochiton, and Onithochiton, Gray ; Acanthoplewra, Guilding ; 
Lorica, Adams; Loricella and Liolophura, Pilsbry. 
Class 4. GASTROPODA. Snails.! 
Mollusks with distinct head, soled or more rarely fin-like foot, and undivided 
mantle, which latter secretes a simple, spirally wound, or saucer-shaped shell. 
Gastropods differ from Pelecypods in having a more or less distinctly 
marked head, which usually bears tentacles, eyes, and ears, and contains a 
1 Literature (see also under the head of Mollusca, pp. 344-345) : 
@ Orbigny, A., Paleontologie francaise. Terrains crétacés, vol. II., 1842. Terrain jurassique, vol. 
II., 1850, and vol. III. (continuation by Piette), 1867-91. 
Beyrich, E., Die Conchylien des norddeutschen 'Tertiairgebirges (Zeitschr. deutsch. geol. Gesellsch. . 
vols. V., VI., VIII.), 1853-56. 
Troschel, F. H., Das Gebiss der Schnecken, zur Begriindung einer natiirlichen Classification, vols. I., 
II., Berlin, 1856-78. 
Billings, E., Palaeozoic Fossils, vols. I. and II., Montreal, 1865-74. 
Stoliczka, F., Cretaceous Fauna of Southern India, vol. II. Gastropoda (Mem. Geol. Survey, India), 
1868. 
Salter, J. W., A Catalogue of the Collection of Cambrian and Silurian Fossils in the Museum of 
Cambridge, 1873. 
Zittel, K. A., Die Gastropoden der Stramberger Schichten (Palaeont. Mittheil. Mus. bayer. Staates, 
Bd. II. Abtheil. 3), 1873. 
Ihering, H. von, Vergleichende Anatomie des Nervensystems und Phylogenie der Mollusken. 
Leipzic, 1877. 
Hoernes, R., and Auinger, M., Die Gastropoden der Meeresablagerungen der ersten und zweiten 
miocinen Mediterranstufes. Vienna, 1879-92. 
Koninck, L. G. de, Faune du caleaire carbonifére de la Belgique (Ann. Mus. dhist. nat. de Belgique, 
vol. VI. pt. 3, and vol. VIII. pt. 4), 1881-83. 
Lindstrim, G., On the Silurian Gastropoda and Pteropoda of Gotland (K. Svenska Vetensk. Akad. 
Handl., Bd. XIX. Heft 2), 1881. 
Quenstedt, F. A., Petrefaktenkunde Deutschlands, Band VII. Gastropoden. 1884. 
Hudleston, W. H., A Monograph of the British Jurassic Gasteropoda (Palaeontographical Society), 
1887-94. 
Philippi, R. A., Die tertiiiren und quartiiiren Versteinerungen Chiles. Leipsic, 1887. 
Koken, E., Ueber die Entwickelung der Gastropoden vom Cambrium bis zum Trias (Neues Jahrb. 
fur Mineral., Beilage, Bd. VI.), 1889. 
Koken, E., Die Gastropoden der Trias um Hallstadt (Abhandl. k. k. geol. Reichsanstalt, Wien, Bd. 
XLVI. Heft. 1), 1896. ; 
Kittl, E., Die Gastropoden der Schichten von St. Cassian der siidalpinen Trias (Ann. k. k, naturhist. 
Hofmuseums, vols. VII., VIII.), 1891-92. 
Newton, R. B., Systematic List of British Oligocene and Eocene Mollusca. 1891. 
Dall, W. H., Contributions to the Tertiary Fauna of Florida (Trans. Wagner Free Inst. Sci., vols. 
ILL, LY); 1895-97. 
Vinassa de Regny, P. E., Synopsis dei molluschi terziari delle Alpe venete (Palaeontogr. Italica, 
vols. I., II.), 1896-97. 
Harris, G. F., The Australasian Tertiary Mollusca (British Museum Catalogue of Tertiary Mollusca, 
Part I.), 1897. 
