SUB-ORDER B PLATYPODA 467 
Living species inhabit fresh, or more rarely brackish, waters of Southern Europe 
and the warmer zones of Africa, Asia, and America. 
Melania, Lam. (Fig. 917). Shell smooth or spirally striated, or 
with transverse ribs or nodes. Aperture oval, anteriorly rounded. 
Upper Jura to Recent. 
Stomatopsis, Stache. Whorls platform-like, with strong trans- 
verse ribs; aperture rounded, with entire, thickened, and reflected 
margins. Lowermost Eocene (Cosina Beds) ; Istria and Dalmatia. 
Pyrgqulifera, Meek (Hautkenia, Munier-Chalm.), (Fig. 918). 
Shell thick, elongate-oval, with platform-like, transversely 
ribbed, and spirally striated whorls. Aperture oval, sometimes 
with very faint canal. Upper Cretaceous of Europe and North 
America. 
Paramelania, Smith. Resembles the preceding. Living in 
Lake Tanganyika. 
Fascinella, Stache ; Coptostylus, Sandb.; Faunus, Montf. ; Hemz- 
sinus, Swainson. Upper Cretaceous, Eocene, and Recent. Fic. 917. 
Melanopsis, Fer. (Figs. 919-921). Shell oval to turreted, smooth  jyetania Escher, 
or ornamented. Base of columella truncated ; aperture with short Bonet. Mlogene 5 
canal; inner lip callous. Upper Cretaceous to Recent. Remarkably um. =~ 
abundant in Miocene and Pliocene. 
Pleurocera, Raf. (Fig. 922). Like Melania, but aperture with faint canal, and 
outer lip sinuous. Cretaceous to Recent ; occurs only in North America. 


Fic. 918. Fic. 921. 
Pyrqulifera Pich- Fic. 919. Fic. 920. Melanopsis (Can- Fic. 922. 
leri, Hoernes sp. Melanopsis gallo-pro- Melanopsis Mar-  thidomus) acanthica, Pleurocerastrombi- 
Upper Creta- vincialis, Math. Upper- __ tiniana, Fer. Mio- Neumayr. Upper _formis, Schloth. sp. 
ceous; Ajka, most Cretaceous; Mar- eene 5 Nussdorf, Miocene; Miocic, Wealden ; Oster- 
Hungary. tigues, near Marseilles. near Vienna. Dalmatja. wald, Hannover. 
Goniobasis, Lea; Anculosu, Say (Leptoris, Rat.) ; Ptychostylus, Sandb. Wealden. 
The first two occur Tertiary and Recent in North America only. 
Family 16. Nerineidae. Zittel. 
Shell turreted, pyramidal, or ovate, perforate or imperforate. Aperture anteriorly 
with short canal or shallow notch. Columella and lips with strong folds, continuous 
throughout the entire length of the spire. Outer lip thin, posteriorly with fissure-like 
incision, which leaves a small slit-band immediately beneath the suture on all the whorls. 
Marine. Trias to Cretaceous. 
Aptyxiella, Fisch. (Aptyxis, Zittel non Troschel). Turreted, very slender, im- 
perforate. Aperture quadrangular; inner and outer lips without folds; columella 
somewhat thickened. Trias to Upper Jura. 
