496 MOLLUSCA SUB-KINGDOM VI 
bearing two folds; outer margin somewhat reflected; the aperture usually closed 
A : by a movable calcareous plate. Occurs 
sparingly fossil from the Eocene onward, and 
represented by about 400 recent species. 
Pupa, Lam. (Fig. 1040, B). — Shell 
small, cylindrical-ovate. Aperture semi- 
circular, usually constricted by teeth on 
the columella and inner and outer lips. 
The outer margin reflected.. Tertiary and 

Fic. 1040. 

A, Dendropupa vetusta, Fic Bou Recent. = 
DaEOn. Coal Measures ; Re eee: Dendropupa, Dawson (Fig. 1040, A). 
Nova Scotia (after Dawson). Buliminus (Petraeus) +71 ats : 4 2 i 
B, Pupa diversidens, Sandb.  complanatus, Reuss. Like the last, but aperture without teeth. 
Miocene ; Sansan, Gers (after Lower Miocene; Carboniferous ; Nova Scotia. 
Sandberger). Thalfingen, near Uln. 
Vertigo, Miller. Tertiary and Recent. 
Buliminus, Ehrb. (Fig. 1041). High conic, solid, turreted. Eocene to Recent. 
Family 4. Achatinidae. 
Ovate or elongate, imperforate shells, with the columella generally truncated at the 
base. Upper Cretaceous to Recent. 
Achatina, Lam. Recent; tropical Atrica. 
Stenogyra, Shuttlew.; Rumina, Risso; Opeas, Alb.; Rhodea, 
Adams. These are all small members of the group, mainly Recent. 
Megaspira, Lea (Fig. 1042). Turreted, slender, very long ; 
columella with transverse folds. Upper Cretaceous to Recent. 
Cionella, Jeffreys; Azeca, Leach; Caecilianella, Bourg., ete. 
Tertiary and Recent. 

Superfamily 2. AGNATHA. Mérch. ee 
Megaspira exarata, 
. . . . Mich. SD. TAY 
Carnivorous snails, usually with no jaw, thorn-shaped teeth, and ae Be anye oe 
without furrows above the foot-edges. Rheims. 
Family 1. Testacellidae. Gray. 
Shell spiral, of very small size, and situated near the tail of the 
vermiform animal. Tertiary and Recent. 
Testacella, Cuv. (Fig. 1043). Shell auriform, 
borne on the posterior end of the animal. 
Fic. 1043. Tertiary and Recent. 
Testacella Zellii, Klein. Parmacellina, Sandb. Eocene. Daude- 
Miocene; Andelfingen pea ae for Haas ‘ 
(after Sandberger). bardia, Hartm. (Helicophanta, Fer.  p.p.). 
Quaternary and Recent. 

Family 2. Glandinidae. 
Shell oval or oblong, capable of containing the entire animal. 
Cretaceous to Recent. 
Glandina, Schum. (Fig. 1044). Shell elongate-oval, with high 
spire. Aperture notched in front; columella truncated. Upper Fia. 1044. 
‘reatac s t¢ 2e¢ 1 rece ie onera inhabi . Glandina inflata, 
Cretaceous to Recent. Other recent allied genera inhabit the Oe Si ne: Rich. 
American tropics. elberg, near Ulm. 

