660 ARTHROPODA SUB-KINGDOM VII 
of maxillipeds, the second pair being developed into large raptorial limbs, and three pairs 
of biramous thoracic feet. Abdomen very strongly developed, longer than the anterior part 
of the body, and its swimming feet bear branchial tufts. 
The Stomatopods comprise a single family (Squwillidae) of nine recent and still 
fewer fossil genera, with the characteristics of the order. Living forms are inhabitants 
of tropical and temperate waters 
of both hemispheres, and prey 
upon other animals. The oldest 
fossil form is Necroscylla Wilsoni, 
Woodward, from a concretion in 
the Coal Measures of Cossall, 
England. It is founded upon 
an abdominal fragment 21 mm. 
long, showing five segments and 
a well-preserved telson, and bears 
some resemblance to the abdomen 
of Squilla. Squilla itself dates 
back to the Upper Jura (Litho- 
graphic Slates), and species are 
known from the Cretaceous of 
Lebanon, Eocene of Monte Bolea, 
and Highgate, England. 
Sculda, Miinst. (Reckur, 
Miinst.; Buria, Giebel), (Fig. 
1383). Cephalothorax orna- 
mented with longitudinal mark- 
Fia. 1383. ings, and leaving the last three 
Sculda pennata, Miinst. Upper Jura; Bavaria. A, B, Dorsal thoracic segments exposed. Ab- 
jewel 3 3 3 
views, 1/; and 3/;. C, Ventral aspect, #/;. a, e, First and second domen broad, elongated, and with 
pairs of antennae (after Kunth). 
large surfaces for the attachment 
of swimming feet, the latter not preserved. The three hindermost abdominal limbs, 
and the semicircular setigerous. telson are developed into a caudal fin. Three species 
occur in Lithographic Slates of Bavaria. 

Order 4. DECAPODA. Latreille. 
Cephalothorax completely covered by the carapace, or with but one segment free; five 
pairs of walking feet, the first two or three pairs usually chelate. Test prolonged into 
(Palaeontogr., XV.), 1868.—Kunth, A., Ueber wenig bekannte Crustaceen von Solenhofen (Zeitschr. 
deutsch. geol. Ges., XXII.), 1870.— Woodward, H., Contributions to the Knowledge of Fossil 
Crustacea (Quar. Journ. Geol. Soc., XXXV.), 1879. 
1 Literature : 
Minster, G. Graf zu, Ueber die fossilen langschwiinzigen Krebse in den Kalkschiefern von Bayern 
(Beitr. z. Petrefaktenkunde, Heft. II.), 1839.—Meyer, H. von, Neue Gattungen fossiler Krebse, etc., 
Stuttgart, 1840.—Jurassische und triasische Crustaceen (Palaeontogr., IV. p. 44), 1854.—Die Proso- 
poniden (zbid. VII.), 1860. —Tertiiire Decapoden aus den Alpen, ete. (ibid. X.), 1862.—Reuss, A. B., 
Zur Kenntniss fossiler Krabben (Denkschr. Akad. Wiss. Wien., XVII.), 1857.—Ueber fossile Krebse 
aus den Raibler Schichten (Beitr. z. Palaeont. Oesterreichs, I.), 1858.—Bell, 7., Monograph of the 
Fossil Malacostracous Crustacea of Great Britain (Palaeont. Soc., 1857-62).—E¢allon, A., Description 
des Crustacés fossiles (Bull. Soc. Geol. France [2], XVI.), 1859.—Oppel, A., Ueber jurassische 
Crustaceen (Palaeont. Mittheil. Museum Bay. Staates I.), 1862.—von der Mark, W., Fossile Fische, 
Krebse und Pflanzen aus der Kreide (Palaeont., XI.), 1863.—Jdem, and Schliiter, C., Neue Fische 
und Krebse aus der Kreide von Westphalen (ibid. XV.), 1868.—Schliiter, C., Die Macruren- 
Decapoden Westphalens (Zeitschr. deutsch. geol. Ges., XIV.), 1862.—Kreide- und Tertiiir-Krebse des 
nordlichen Deutschlands (ibid. XXXI.), 1879.—Stimpson, W., Fossil Crab from Gay Head (Journ. 
