SUB-CLASS II ARACHNIDA 679 
The order Chelonethi (False Scorpions) is distinguished from the Acari by having a 
segmented abdomen. The recent genus Chelifer (Fig. 1426) occurs fossil in amber. 
The order Anthracomarti, as defined by Karsch and Scudder, is restricted to the 
Carboniferous. The cephalothorax and abdomen are distinct, and the latter is com- 
posed of four to nine segments. The cephalothorax frequently presents wedge-shaped 
segments below. Examples: Arthrolycosa, Harger (Fig. 1427); Poliochera, Geraphrynus, 

Fic. 1428. 

Architarbus vrotund- 
Chelifer Hemprichii, Menge. PEEL ee atus, Scudd. Coal Mea- 
Oligocene; Baltic amber. Arthrolycosa antiqua, Harger. Coal Measures ; sures; Mazon Creek, 
Copy, 9/1. Mazon Creek, Illinois. 1/; (after Beecher). Ill. Under surface, 1/;. 
Architarbus, Scudder (Fig. 1428); Anthracomartus, Karsch (Fig. 1429); Kreischeria, 
Geinitz ; Eophrynus (Fig. 1430), Brachypyge, Woodw. ; Phalangiotarbus, Haase, ete. 
The order Pedipalpi has the first pair of legs exceptionally long; cephalothorax 
and abdomen distinct; and some forms with a setigerous postabdomen. Certain 

Fic. 1429. Fic. 1430. 
Anthracomartus V oelkelianus, ELophrynus Prestwichii, Buckland Fic. 1431. 
Karsch. Carbon Coal Mea- sp. Coal Measures ; Coalbrookdale, Geralinura Bohemica, Ku8ta sp. 
sures ; Neurode, Silesia. Dor- England. Dorsal surface, 1/; (after Coal Measures; Rakonitz, 
sal surface, 1/; (after Karsch). Woodward). Bohemia. {1/; (after KuSta). 
fragments from the Devonian of New Brunswick are referred here by Matthew. 
Geralinura, Scudder (Fig. 1431), is Carboniferous ; Stenarthron, Haase, occurs in the 
Lithographic Slates of Bavaria. Phrynus, Latr., is Tertiary and Recent. 
In the order Scorpiones the posterior end of the body consists of a preabdomen with 
seven segments, and a long slender postabdomen of six segments, the last of which 
forms a hollow poisonous sting. Scorpions are among the oldest of Arachnids. 
Palaeophonus, Thorell (Fig. 1432), and Proscorpius, Whitf., are known from the 
Silurian. oscorpius, M. and W. (Fig. 1433), Centromachus, Thorell, and Cycloph- 
thalamus, Corda, are Carboniferous genera. A species of Tityus, Koch, is found in 
amber. 
