SUB-PHYLUM III INSECTA 687 
Of the aquatic bugs, a number of families are met with in the Jura, such as the 
Nepidae, Hydrometridae, Reduviidae, Lygaeidae, Coreidae, 
Thripsidae, and Cimicidae. Scarabaeides (Fig. 1454) occurs 
in the Bavarian Lithographic Slates. Examples of Tertiary 
genera are: Naucoris (Fig. 1455), Harpactor (Fig. 1456), 
Cephalocoris (Fig. 1457), Berytopsis, Acanthosoma, and Eothes. 
Order 5. COLHOPTERA. Beetles. 
Fore wings (elytra) chitinous, thick, with obsolete nervures ; 
hind wings membranous, folded, with nervures connected only at 
wide intervals. Prothorax freely movable. Mouth parts mastica- 
tory. Metamorphosis complete. 

Fia. 1457. 
Cephalocoris pilosus, Heer. 
Coleopterous remains have not been recognised with Feed Stas er 
certainty in the Palaeozoic. Dzpeltis is of doubtful position, 
but bears a certain resemblance to the larvae of beetles. During the Mesozoic and 
Tertiary, however, this group occupies a prominent 
position among insects. 
Remains of Curculionidae, Chrysomelidae, and 
Buprestidae are found in the Trias of Vaduz and 
Rutihard, near Basle; and 
the same families occur more 

Fic. 1460. 
Fie. 1458. Fia. 1459. Fossil Beetles from the Oligocene 
Cyphon vetustus, Giebel. Cerylon striatum, Brodie. marls of Aix, Provence. A, Hipporhinus 
Purbeck ; Vale of Wardour, Purbeck ; Vale of Wardour, Heeri, Oustalet. 2/;. B, Triphyllus 
England. 6/; (after England. 1/, (after Heeri, Oustalet. °/;. C, Hylesinus 
Brodie). Brodie). facilis, Heer. 4/3. 
abundantly in the Rhaetic and chief divisions of the Jura in Europe. Among the 
richest Mesozoic localities may be mentioned: Schambelen in Aargau (Lias); Dob- 
bertin, Mecklenburg (Lias); Stonesfield Slate and Purbeck of England (Figs. 1458, 
A 
“yy 
f, 
ay IK 
Fab! 7 AUN} (AM 
B = Cc 

2 
: Fic. 1463. 
: J Beetles from Oligocene amber of East 
1 o) t ahs £ 2 
Fic. 1461. Fic. 1462. Prussia. A, Dorcusoides bilobus, Motsch. 
Paltorhynchus rectirostris, Apion refrenatum, Scudder. 3/). B, Ptilodactyloides  stipulicornis, 
Scudder. Oligocene; Flo- Oligocene ; Florissant, Colorado. Motsch. 3/;. C, Paussoides Mengei, 
vissant, Colorado. 9/}. 12/). Motsch. 2/;. 
1459). The Bavarian Lithographic Slates yield comparatively few, and for the most 
part poorly preserved remains of beetles (Pseudohydrophilus, Chrysobothris). 
A marked increase took place during the Tertiary, and by far the greater 
number of species are referred to still living genera. The Oligocene fresh-water 
deposits of Aix in Provence (Fig. 1460), and of Florissant, Colorado (Figs. 1461, 1462), 
are especially rich in species; also the amber of East Prussia (Fig. 1463), Miocene 
