MASTODON 



357 



instructive dentition of the proboscidian family, once roamed 

 over the part of the earth now forming England, France, Italy, 

 and Germany. The first steps in our knowledge of its dentition 

 were made by Cuvier, who called it the narrow-toothed Masto- 

 don " Mastodon a dents etroites," or Mastodon angustidens. This 

 name was suggested by the less breadth of the grinding surface 

 of the teeth as compared with those of a previously described 

 species of Mastodon from North America, called the Mast. 



Fig. 115. 

 Dentition of old Mastodon longirostris 



giganteus or M. Ohioticus. Cuvier describes and figures a last 

 molar, upper jaw, from Trevoux, consisting, as in the specimen 

 from Norfolk Crag (fig. 113), and as in that from Eppelsheim 

 (fig. 115, m 3), of five transverse ridges, with a front and back 

 talon or subsidiary ridge. The latter is the largest, and sub- 

 divided into teat-shaped tubercles, so as almost to merit the 

 name of a sixth division of the tooth. The principal ridges are 

 divided into two chief or primary tubercles, with secondary 

 tubercles in the interspace ; the chief tubercles are more or 



