]!0ftl"^?IIi Layard's Rambles in Ceylon. 313 



cinum, Pfr. He also writes: "Pfeiffer informs me that specimens 

 of C. halophilum found by Captain Templeman near Colombo are 

 larger than those I got at Galle (described 'Annals,' vol. vii. p. 265)." 

 Mr. F. Layard's C. eomu venatorium I never saw ; I merely guess, there- 

 fore (recollecting that before I took to observing moUusca myself, I 

 brought him many different species from Galle), that these may have 

 been some Galle specimens : in which case my dark cornu venatorium 

 may be C. Helicinum, and my small variety, the large variety of ha- 

 lophilum taken by Capt. Templeman*. (Quere : Should not this be 

 J}r. Templeton, a well-known naturalist here ?) ** 



Note B. — Mr. Benson, as before quoted, writes : "With the little 

 turbiniform halophilum I took C. Menkeanum, Pfr. ^9, whith is con- 

 founded in England with C. involvulus." In this case the Galle shell 

 will probably be C. Menkeanum (mine were however named by Mr. 

 Cuming) ; and may not my cave shell be C. involvulus, vera, sed ? 



Note C. — P. Sarpedon is a low-country species, and remarkably 

 abundant about Colombo ; it feeds principally on cinnamon ; and the 

 chrysalis is shaped like that of Agamemnon, which feeds on the sour- 

 sop. P. Brathycles represents these two in the hills and is very ahun<- 

 dant, while they are rare. The larva I do not know. 



Note D. — P. Hector feeds on the Aristolochia medica, which is 

 very abundant about Pt. Pedro : the caterpillar of this and Diphilus 

 are extremely similar, and feed on the same plant. I have often 

 thought of obtaining a fine brood of Hector, and procured Diphilus, 

 and vice versa. They are not however identical, for they appear at 

 different times of the year, Diphilus in May and June, Hector end 

 of July ; and I have taken each species in coitu with one of its own 

 family ; in fact, copulation has gone on in my own breeding-cage 

 among species reared from the same plant. The males have the 

 upper wings more attenuated than the females. 



Pammon and Romulus feed on various species of Citrus, and have 

 a very differently shaped chrysalis from Hector and Diphilus. 



A curious division might be made by separating the species accord- 

 ing to the chrysalis, showing at once how little this can be depended 

 on in the formation of groups. Pap. (O.) Amphimedon stands alone. 

 Then Hector and Diphilus, in which the knobs on the body are 

 largely developed : the caterpillars also resemble each other, and they 

 feed on creeping plants. A large new species, somewhat resembling 

 Diphilus, may be classed with these. Then follow, Polymnestor, 

 Erithonius, Pammon, Polites, Romulus, and probably Crino and He- 

 lenus ; in these the knobs are entirely wanting and the head bifur- 

 cate ; the caterpillars are green, smooth (not spiny, like Amphimedon 

 and Hector), and all feed on trees of the genus Citrus. Then Aga- 



* Pfeiffer writes and prints Capt. Templeman. — W.B. 

 28 Vide notes 10, 11, 12 and 17 supra. 



* Cycl. Menkeanum is distinguished from C. involvulus by sculpture, 

 wider umbilicus, smaller aperture, porrect and rugose interior lip, greater 

 solidity, and further by a character previously overlooked, viz. the gradual 

 descent, above, of the last whorl behind the aperture. Vide notes 13 and 

 24 supra. 



Ann. ^ Mag. N. Hist. Ser. 2. Vol. xi. 31 



