including a new Arrangement of Phcmerogamout Plants, 455 



ScleranthacejE. In Scleranthus annum the flower is sessile 

 between the two branches of a forked stem, each of which again 

 produces a flowei* sessile between two succeeding branches ; each 

 flower therefore stands in the relation of axis to the two succeed- 

 ing flowers ; but this can only be observed in large specimens 

 growing in cultivated ground, where aU the branchings become 

 fully developed. The funiculus is uniformly posterior to the 

 seed, in which character it diff'ers from Chenopodiacese and their 

 alUes, where it is either anterior or lateral. The seed of Scle- 

 ranthus annuus has the cotyledons next the funiculus, which may 

 form also another difierential character between Scleranthacese 

 and their allies. (PL XV. figs. 7, 8 & 9.) 



Tetragoniace^. In Tstragonia africana and Trianthema 

 micrantha the mode of growth is, in the smaller ramifications, 

 the same as in Scleranthus, and the placentation shows the single 

 carpel anterior or (in the latter) occasionally lateral. 



StylidiacEjE. In Stylidium graminifolium the posterior cell 

 is always less in diameter, and also less in depth than the ante 

 rior, and this, in connection with the irregularity of the corolla, 

 forms perhaps a sufficient analogy for anticipating that in a one- 

 celled ovary the fertile carpel would be anterior*. 



GoodeniacEjE. In Dampiera lavandulcefolia the ovary con- 

 sists of two carpels anterior and posterior, but is one-celled from 

 the cells communicating, or rather imperfectly two-celled ; the 

 posterior cell is much shorter (not extending below the upper 

 half of the anterior cell), contracted and barren, being sometimes 

 so reduced in size as to be scarcely apparent; and the single 

 ovule is attached to the posterior surface of the anterior cell near 

 its base, having the raphe next the placenta. 



ONAGRARiiE and HipPURiDE^. Of thirty-two ovaries of 

 Circaa alpinaf thirteen had two cells with an ovule in each ; 

 in twelve the posterior cell was empty, and in seven it was closed, 

 leaving the ovary one-celled. When fertile it was less in dia- 

 meter and also less in depth (PI. XV. figs. 10 & 11). In the 

 ovary of Hippuris vulgaris there is nothing in the structure 

 either externally or within the cavity to show whether it consists 

 of one or two carpels, nor yet in the style or stigma, as the latter 

 is terete and pointed ; but on the external surface of the bony 

 nut of the mature fmit, there is found when it is denuded a 



* This analogical argument has since been verified in the instance of 

 Stylidium adnatum, where the ovary consists of a single carpel anterior ; 

 or if two are present the anterior only is fertile, as the ovules are always at- 

 tached to the posterior angle of the cell. 



t Taken from the plant in cultivation in the Botanic Gardens of Kew. 

 When the ovary is two-celled the cells are all anterior and posterior, as 

 also are those of C. lutetiana. 



