on the Hortus Malabaricus, Part IV. 169 



Commeline, after stating the affinity of the gum-resin of the Paenoe to Gum 

 Anime, had observed, " similis arboris meminit Reechus nomine Copalli mon- 

 tana. Ad haec e Zeylan Insula simile adfertur gum mi, quapropter et hsec 

 arbor non male forsan eo referri potest." On no stronger grounds, probably, 

 Retzius considered this as the tree which produces Gum Copal, and called it 

 EUBocarpus copalliferus, in which it is scarcely possible to say whether there is 

 the greater want of care in tracing a substance used in the arts, or of skill in 

 botanical arrangement, the Paenoe wanting every character by which the genus 

 Ela;ocarpus is distinguished. Vahl, however, and Willdenow {Sp. PI. ii. 1 170.) 

 adopt this name, but M. Poiret properly continues to call it Vater'ia indka 

 {Enc. M6th. viii. 418.), as did Dr. Roxburgh {Hort. Beng. 42.). As Vahl 

 says that his plant had all the generic characters of the Ekeocarpus in its 

 calyx, corolla, antherse and fruit, we may safely conclude that it is totally dif- 

 ferent from the Paenoe, especially if it has a germen inferum, as Retzius is 

 said to assert. Dr. Roxburgh alleges that the resin of the Paenoe is called 

 East India Copal, and perhaps it may have passed for such at an Indian cus- 

 tom-house, where a skill in drugs is not very conspicuous ; but Mr. Turnbidl 

 of Mirzapur informed me, that some he sent home for a trial would not sell 

 for Copal, although it was allowed to be Anbne. The real Copal and Anime 

 are, however, American productions. 



In 1806 I gave specimens and a drawing to Sir J. E. Smith ; and I shall here 

 give a description taken in Canara, where the tree is called Dupada. In Car- 

 nata it is called Cunglium, and in the Hindwi dialect its name is Gugulut. 



Arbor resinifera magnitudine Qiterci. Rami teretes. Turiones farina quasi 

 aspersi. Folia alterna, magna, oblonga, utrinque obtusa, vel aliquando 

 retusa, integerrima, glabra, costata, venosa. Petiolus teres, medio atte- 

 nuatus, rugosus, nudus, brevissimus. Stipules geminae, laterales, caducae, 

 sessiles, oblongae, integerrima;, obtusae, farina aspersse, brevissima;. 



Paniculce axillares, folio longiores, ramosissimse, laxae ramis alternis, teretibus, 



elder Bunnan (Thes. Zeyl. 28.), who properly quotes the Paenu (by error printed Paeru), but errone- 

 ously joins it with an American tree that produces Gum Elemi, and is figured by Plukenet (Phyt. 

 /. 217./. 4.). It must be also observed, that the quotation from Grimm respecting the G. Elemi pro- 

 bably refers to quite another plant, the Kakuna of the Ceylonese, which Bunnan calls {Thes. Zeyl. 166.) 

 Myrobalanus Zeylanica ex qua G. Elemi, fructu odore et sapore prastans. 



