A. VULGARIS. 81 



Texas, Ball II4I (US); near Dulce, New Mexico, Standley 8270 (US); type collection, 

 Wright 1279 (NY); plains near the City of Chihuahua, Chihuahua, Pringle 625 (Gr, 

 type of A. pringlei Greenman, minor variation 64); Chiricahua Mountains, Arizona, 

 Blumer 1794 (DS, Gr, NY, US); Flagstaff, Arizona, September 2, 1889, Sheldon (UC); 

 along San Juan River, southeastern Utah, Rydberg and Garrett 10006 (NY, UC); Marshall 

 Pass, Colorado, Baker 879 (NY, UC, US) ; Black Canon, Colorado, Baker 698 (Gr, UC, 

 US, minor variation 5, A. bakeri Greene). 



MINOR VARIATIONS AND SYNONYMS. 



1. AnxEMisiA ALBUi^ Wooton, Contr. U. S. Nat. Herb. 16:193, 191.3. — A form of arid situations in the 

 southern Rocky Mountain States and northern Mexico, here included under A. vulgaris gnaphalodes, but with 

 distinctive habit, very narrow leaves, widely branciied inflorescence, and exceptionally small heads, tiie in- 

 volucres 3 mm. high. The following collections belong here: Organ Mountains, Dona Ana County, New Mexico, 

 at 1,400 meters altitude, Wooton 504 (NY, US, type collection); near Fort Huachuca, Arizona, Letnmon 2783]/^ 

 (Gr); Limestone Hill, Cochise County, Arizona, Eggleston 10966 (Gr); Tantillas Canon, San Diego County, 

 California, 1875, Palmer (Gr); Sierra en Media, Chihuahua, Nelson 6488 (Gr). 



2. A. ARACHNOiDEA Sheldon, Bull. Torr. Club, 30:310, 1903. — A variation intermediate between A. vulgaris 

 tilesi and A. v. heterophylla, with heads about 4 mm. high and with 2.5 to 35 flowers. Originally distinguished 

 from tilesi by the "subsecund loose inflorescence and peculiar involucral bracts." The involucre is subtended 

 by a few minute bracts, as is common in A. vulgaris, and is arachnoid-pubescent as occurs also in tilesi. The 

 lower leaves are mostly wanting in the specimens distributed under the type number, but the remaining ones 

 show deep lobes suggestive of both tilesi and heterophylla. Type locality, sandy banks of the Columbia River, 

 1 mile west of Vancouver, Washington. 



3. A. ARGOi'HYLLA Rydberg, N. Am. Fl. 34:274, 1916. — Intermediate between A. vulgaris gnaphalodes 

 and A. v. candicatis. The type specimen is like the former, but very robust and with large heads, the involucres 

 fully 4 mm. high. Type locality, near Long's Peak, Colorado. Specimens referred here come also from as 

 far west as northern California and eastern Washington. 



4. A. ATOMiFERA Piper, Contr. U. S. Nat. Herb. 11:588, 1906. — A form or race of A. vulgaris heterophylla, 

 but the upper surface of the leaves, as also the involucres, speckled with numerous white resinous atoms. A 

 series of specimens gathered with the type exhibit a wide variation in the leaves from entire to pinnately divided. 

 Type locality, Wawawai, Washington. 



5. A. BAKEUi Greene, PI. Baker 3:31, 1901. — TeThsLpshcstTdenedio A. vulgaris wrightihsc&nseof the very 

 narrow leaf-lobes, none of which reach 2 mm. in breadth, but intermediate to subspecies ludoviciana through 

 its wider-leaved forms. The foliage is green and glabrate above, greener than in typical A. wrighti, from which 

 it also differs in the mostly nodding and slightly larger heads. The position assumed by the heads is not con- 

 sidered important. Plants with gray foliage and all other characters of the carrulhi form of subspecies xirrighti 

 sometimes have heads as uniformly nodding as in bakeri, for example, Pagosa Springs, southern Colorado, 

 Baker 749 (UC). The type was collected by Greene in the canon of the Gunnison, near Cimarron, Colorado. 

 This has not been seen, but the above notes are based upon other specimens cited by Greene, namely, Black 

 Canon, Gunnison Watershed, Colorado, Baker 698 (Gr, UC, US). 



6. A. BRiTTONi Rydberg, Bull. Torr. Club 32: 129, 1905. — A form of A. vulgaris gnaphalodes in which the 

 heavily tomentose leaves are parted into 3 to 5 short and rather broad divergent lobes. This is one of the 

 extreme types of lobing and therefore appears very distinct when compared with normal gnaphalodes. A 

 gradation in the character as it occurs at Golden, Colorado, the type locality, is shown in figure 12, page 95. 

 (See also under A. diversifolia of this list.) 



7. A. CANDICANS Rydberg, Bull. Torr. Club 24:296, 1897. — A. vulgaris candicans. 



8. A. CARRUTHi Wood, in Carruth, Trans. Kans. Acad. Sci. 5:51, 1877.— The oldest name for ,4. vulgaris 

 wrighti, but not well established. A . carruthi is the state or form in which the leaves are about equally tomentose 

 on the two sides. In habit, width of leaf and lobes, inflorescence, and size of heads and flowers the two are 

 exactly alike. The difference in the amount of tomentura on the upper surface of the leaves is not so signifi- 

 cant as the difference between certain other pairs of forms here given subspecific rank, for example, gnaphalodes 

 and ludoviciana, not only because the leaves are narrower and the difference therefore less noticeable, but also 

 because of the presence of all degrees of variation in plants growing very near each other. This intergradation 

 has been noted at a considerable number of stations, especially in southern Colorado and northern New Mexico. 

 At some places the amount of tomentum almost certainly depends upon ecologic conditions. Leaves which 

 are perfectly glabrous on the upper surface have not yet been found. Those of sterile shoots are always densely 

 white-tomentose on both surfaces, entirely regardless of the amount of tomentum on the foliage of flowering 

 stems. Thus, there is often an abrupt transition from the white foliage on the short innovations clustered 

 about the base of the plant to the gray or greenish foliage of the middle and upper portions. It should be noted 



