C. NAUSEOSUS. 219 



18. Chrysocoma dracunculoides Lamarck, Encyl. 2:192, 1790. — The description is that of an Aster, bu- 

 the name was later taken up by Pursh (Fl. Am. Sept. 2:517, 1814), who included under it a form of Chrysot 

 Ihammis nauneosus, probably subspecies graveolens. 



19. C. GRAVEOLENS Nuttall, Genera 2: 136, 1818. — Chrysotkamnus nauseosus graveolens. 



20. C. NAUSEOSA Pallas, in Pursh, Fl. Am. Sept. 2:517, 1814. — Chrysotkamnus nauseosus typicus. There is 

 much misunderstanding as to the form that Pallas had in hand when his description was drawn. It Ls more than 

 probable that an early mi.\ing of labels of the Lewis and Clark collection is responsible for this. Although 

 the typo locality is stated by Pursh as "on the banks of the Missouri," the sheet at the Philadelphia Academy 

 commonly taken as the type is labeled " 15th October 1805 on the Columbia River." Because of this, nauseosus 

 in the strict sense has been applied to a form most common in the Columbia River Basin (subspecies albicaulis). 

 However, the two specimens on the sheet referred to are not like forms that grow on the Columbia. One, 

 with glabrous involucres, long style-appendages, and green herbage, is one of the graveolens group and may be 

 ignored; the other, mounted on the right-hand side of the sheet, has gray-tomcntose herbage and involucres and 

 is now identified with "C. frigidus," that is, subspecies typicus of the Missouri River region, the corolla being 

 too short (7 to 7.8 mm.) for albicaulis. This right-hand piece probably is a part of the type collection, but for- 

 tunately the identification of Chrysocoma nauseosa need not depend upon this sheet. There is another in the 

 Philadelphia Academy labeled "Chrysocoma nau.'ieosa Pall. Missouri, Octbr." " Pursh 's spec." "Herb.: 

 Lewis & Clark." This specimen has been carefully examined by the present author and found to agree in every 

 detail with Pallas's description, except that the innermost bracts are faintly pubescent instead of glabrous— a 

 difference easily overlooked by one working without a magnifying glass. Mr. Bayard Long, of the Philadelphia 

 Academy Herbarium, has kindly indicated evidence which shows almost certainly that this sheet came from the 

 Lambert Herbarium, where Pursh's types were deposited. For example, the paper is ver>' old and thin, and 

 the data originally written on the back have been cut off and pa^ited on the front below the specimen, these 

 features agreeing exactly with those of other specimens well known to have come from the Lambert Herbarium. 

 Furthermore, the Lambert plants were distributed through the general Academy herbarium at Philadelphia 

 and it was here that this "Missouri, Octbr." sheet was found, while the other was segregated in the "Lewis and 

 Clark Herbarium" and therefore came from the ^^merican Philosophical Society, not from Lambert.' 



The conclusion, therefore, is that the plant labeled "Columbia River" probably came from the Missouri 

 and that the right-hand specimen on the sheet is a part of the type collection; but that the true type is on the 

 other sheet, that is, the one labeled "Missouri, Octbr." This brings both the locality and the plant into agree- 

 ment with Pallas's description. The type as thus identified is a plant with ascending and rather straight leaves 

 and minutely pubescent inner bracts, a form very common on the Missouri drainage, especially in Wyoming. 

 C. frigidus Greene is exactly the same thing and C. plattensis Greene differs by characters so variable that it is 

 included in Chrysotkamnus nauseosus typicus. 



21. Chrysoth.^mnus angustus Greene, Pittonia 5:64, 1902. — C. nauseosus consimilis. Described as dis- 

 tinguishable by its canescent wooUiness, but more abundant material proves that this character is exceedingly 

 variable and can not be correlated with others nor with geographic distribution. The leaves in the type speci- 

 men are 5 to 6 mm. long, very slender and lax, and the inflorescence is elongated. All of these features occur 

 also in the type of consimilis, except that the inflorescence in this is shorter. The type specimens of these 

 two exhibit no differences in involucre and only slight variations in detail of floral structure. Type locality, 

 sagebrush plains north of Alturas, Modoc County, California. The plants no doubt came from alkahne soil. 



22. C. APPE>fDicuLATUs Heller, Muhlenbergia 1:6, 1900. — C. nauseosus latisquameus. (See note under 

 Bigelovia graveolens appendiculata.) 



23. C. ARizoNicus Greene, Pittonia 4:42, 1899. — Based upon C. speciosus arizonicus Greene, which see. 



24. C. BiGELOvi Greene. Erj-thea 3:112, 1895. — C. nauseosus bigelovi. 



25. C. CALiFORNicus Greene, 1. c, 111, 1895. — Here taken as a more southerly large-leaved form of C. nau- 

 seosus albicaulis. No type specimen was indicated, but Greene's notations at the University of California leave 

 no doubt that the form represented by Bolander's 6159 from near Bridgeport, Mono County, California, were 

 intended. These are stout plants with hea\y leaves 2 to 4 mm. wide, and corolla-tubes only short-hairy. They 

 connect with albicaulis through forms with similar leaves but arachnoid corolla-tubes (Heller 7192), and others 

 with slightly narrower leaves, the corolla-tubes sparsely arachnoid or only puberulent [Hall lOSoS), and still 

 others with leaves only 1 to 2 mm. wide and the corolla-tube not at all arachnoid {Hall 11662). The wide- 

 leaved plants of californicus so closely resemble those of subspecies speciosus as it grows in the same district 

 that their origin from this rather than from albicaulis is strongly suggested (see minor variation 58). Collec- 

 tions of the broad-leaved variation of speciosus (No. 58) have been labeled in herbaria by Greene as cali- 

 fornicus, and he doubtless included tliis variation in his conception of liis species, at least in later years. 



26. C. CALIFORNICUS var. occidentaus Greene, 1. c, 112, 1S95. — C. natiseosus occidentcdis. 



' It might be thought that the type specimen wa3 sent to the British Museum of Natural History, but it is learned through 

 the kindness of Dr. Rendle that no authentic material of Chrysocoma riauaeosa is to be found there. 



