Vermont Shrubs and Woody Vines 121 



The Intricatae represent a southern group that reaches its 

 northern Hmit in central Vermont. It has few-flowered corymbs 

 and yellow-green young foliage, 1)oth of which are very glandu- 

 lar, stamens usually ten, anthers light yellow. The leaves are 

 elliptical-ovate, acute at 1x)th ends, subcoriaceous, the petioles 

 bearing stalked glands. The fruit matures very late, being hard 

 when it falls in October, of a greenish yellow or reddish yellow 

 hue, and globose or short pear-shaped containing three or four 

 nutlets. The shrubs are two to six feet with few thorns. Two 

 species are known in Vermont. C. apposita Sarg. and C. mtricata 

 Lange (C. coccinca of the newer edition of Gray's Manual), while 

 one other C. foctida Ashe has been reported from the Connecticut 

 valley. 



The Rotundifoliae range farther north than any other east- 

 ern group and seem well at home in Vermont. The young 

 foliage is vellow-green, corymbs many-flowered, stamens five to 

 twenty, anthers light yellow, leaves elliptical-ovate to orbicular, 

 subcoriaceous. shining above, fruit red, globose, the flesh soften- 

 ing before it falls, ripening from .\ugust to October, nutlets three 

 or four. The shrubs are five to fifteen feet high with numer- 

 ous thorns. C. Kennedyi Sarg., C. Oakesiana Eggl., C. irrasa 

 var Blanchardi (Sarg.) Eggl., C. rotundifolia Moench., and var 

 Faxoni (Sarg.) Eggl.. constitute the rotundifoliae of Vermont. 



The Tenuifoliae are the most abundant and the most puzzling 

 . f our Vermont groups. The young foliage is bronze-green, 

 slightly hairy, the corymbs many flowered, stamens five to 

 twentv, anthers pink, leaves ovate, acute, doubly serrate. The 

 petioles are long and slender. The fruit which matures from 

 August to October, is red, ellipsoidal, calyx erect and slender, 

 flesh soft, the nutlets three to four in number. The shrubs are 

 six to twenty feet high with numerous curved thorns. The fol- 

 lowing species are known in Vermont: C. Incorum var. insolens 

 (Sarg.) Eggl., C. rooncnsis Ashe.. C. alnontm Sarg., C. macro- 

 spcnna Ashe., C. m. var. pentandra (Sarg.) Eggl., C. m. var. 

 demissa (Sarg.) Eggl., C. m. var. pastor um (Sarg.) Eggl., and 

 C. m. var. mat lira (Sarg.) Eggl. 



