158 Bulletin 145 



brownish roughenings. Its leaf shape is shown in the draw- 

 ing. It is typically about two inches long but may vary from one 

 to three inches in length, entire and without hairs, the surface 

 being green and smooth above, paler and often hairy below. 

 A more pubescent form, green on both sides, occurs in some cold 

 bogs (var. amoenum). The fruit is large, dark blue with 

 bloom, ripens chiefly in late August. Its larger size and fine 

 flavor make it the favorite market berry where obtainable. As 

 already suggested it is easily transplanted, grows rapidly in any 

 good soil and appears responsive to culture. It can be grafted 

 if desired and doubtless, with improved varieties and cultural 

 methods better understood, it will be added to our garden fruits. 



BLACK BLUEBERRY. Vaccmium atrococcum (Gray) Heller. 



This form is much like the high bush variety in most re- 

 spects except that the fruit is smaller, black and without bloom. 

 The leaves are downy or wooly underneath even when old, as are 

 also the branchlets. It has been found in a few bogs but ap- 

 parently is not common. 



CANADA BLUEBERRY. Vaccinium catuidense Kalm. 



This is a low shrub one to two feet high, erect, densely 

 branched, with young twigs yellowish-green and downy, older 

 branches brownish. The leaf-form is shown in the figure. The best 

 character whereby one may be able to identify this species is to be 

 found in the downiness of its leaves and twigs. Because of this 

 peculiarity the name velvet-leaf is often given to this blueberry. 

 The berries are blue with much bloom and ripen rather late along 

 with the common high-bush blueberry. It is frequent in the 

 more elevated parts of Vermont, preferring moist thickets or 

 rocky places, and is not found in swamps. It is said to be the 

 commonest market berry of Essex county. The berries are of 

 good flavor but more acid than are the common low-bush blue- 

 berry; hence the local name "sour-top" is sometimes heard. 



