xiv INTRODUCTION. 



After a blank period of more than thirty years, Dr. Stanley, 

 an ardent collector, contributed a list of the Bu-ds of White- 

 haven to Loudon's Natural History Magazine, and at the same 

 time, Mr. T. C. Heysham, upon whom his father's mantle had 

 descended, broke silence to furnish a series of reports from the 

 Carlisle district to the Philosophical and other Magazines. 

 "Mr. Heysham's observations were anonymous at this period, 

 but his 7iom de plume of "J. Correspondent" was well known 

 to all his cotemporaries except Professor Eennie, who lacerated 

 Mr. Heysham's feelings, by referring his important notes on 

 the nesting of the Pied Flycatcher to the pen of Dr. Stanley 

 of Whitehaven. Mr. T. C. Heysham was a personal friend 

 of Mr. Yarrell, who derived many notes from Mr. Heysham. 

 Mr. Heysham's scattered writings exhibit the characteristics 

 of extreme caution and great thoroughness, his scientific 

 researches not being limited to ornithology. He had almost 

 reached middle life when he began to publish his observations, 

 and they consequently bear ample traces of his matured 

 genius. Another student of the Birds of Cumberland, or at 

 least of its borders, was the late Sir W. Jardine, whose notes 

 on the Birds of the Solway were embodied in his Birds of 

 Great Britain and Ireland (1838-43). In 1854, a list of the 

 Birds of West Cumberland was contributed to the Zoologist 

 by Mr. Eobson, but had better have been omitted. Its value 

 was shewn at once by the criticisms of Mr. E. Birbeck. In 

 1865, 1867, and m 1878, the Zoologist published essays on 

 the Avi-fauna of the Lakes, contributed by Mr. H. Saunders, 

 Mr. J. Cordeaux, Mr. W. A. Durnford, followed in 1879 by 

 a comprehensive account of the Birds of Eavenglass -RTitten 

 by a resident ornithologist. Dr. Parker of Gosforth, and 

 supplemented by subsequent notes. 



In 1881, Mr. Charles Murray Adamson included in his 

 " More Scraps about Birds" the most important notes on the 



