THE BIRDS OF CUMBERLAND. 5 



cuttings. Adult males vary considerably in tint, 

 and this is partly due to the presence or absence of 

 the long buff fringes of the upper parts, which 

 apjDear to become atrophied as the season advances. 



P. Ruhicola. Stonechat. 



The Stonechat is resident and numerous, but 

 local in its preferences, chiefly confined to the coast 

 line and the higher grounds, and nowhere more 

 strongly established than at St. Bees Head. Some 

 immature birds, as well as adults, pass the winter 

 on our coast, but an influx occurs in early spring. 



Genus RUTICILLA. 



R. Phcenicurus. Redstart. 



The Redstart is a summer visitant, decidedly 

 scarce near the coast line, but plentiful in elevated 

 districts. The same nestinof hole of the Redstart is 

 occupied year after year, and is very often con- 

 tio'uous to a dwellino'-house. One hole above the 

 lintel of a barndoor, which w^as in constant use, was 

 occupied by birds of this species for fifteen years in 

 succession. In 1879, we observed a pair of Red- 

 starts ousting a pair of Pied Flycatchers from their 

 nestinghole. 



R. Titys. Black Redstart. 



The Black Redstart is a rare visitant to Cum- 

 berland. In the spring of 1876 a pair of Black 

 Redstarts were shot at Scotby by Mr. Trueman, 

 and were fully identified by Mr. A. Sutton and 

 others. Mr. Dickinson met with the Black Red- 



