PREFACE. Vll 



and to present them to our fellow ornithologists fortified 

 by facts which are incontestable. All descriptions of 

 plumage are based on my local specimens, and have 

 been incorporated in the text for the sake of such local 

 observers as may have little or no access to works of 

 reference. All species, marked with an asterisk, have been 

 excluded from the census of Cumberland. The details, 

 which refer to the Birds of Westmorland, have been 

 added in deference to the urgent wishes of ornithologists 

 interested in that county. 



H. A. MACPHERSON. 



Carlisle, October, 1885. 



