60 CHECK LIST OF NOBTH AMERICAN BIRDS. 



298. Pyrrhuloxia sinuata Bp. b 389. c 202. r 243. 



Texas Cardinal Grpsbeal^ 



299. Cardinalis virginiana Bp. b 390. c 203. r 242. 



Cardinal Grosbeak ; Virginia Kedbird. 



300. Cardinalis virginiana ignea (Bd.) Coues. b — . c 203a. r 242a. 



Fiery-red Cardinal Grosbeali. 



301. Pipilo erythrophthalmus (L.) V. b 391. c 204. r 237, 



Towhee Bunting ; Chevpinlc. 



302. Pipilo erythrophthalmus alleni Coues. b — . c 204a. r 237a. 



White-eyed Towhee Bunting. 



303. Pipilo maculatus oregonns (Bell) Coues. b 392. c 205. r 2G86. 



Oregon Towhee Bunting. 



304. Pipilo macnlatus arcticus (Sw.) Coues. b 393. c 205a. R 238. 



Arctic Towliee Bunting. 



305. Pipilo maculatus megalonyx (Bd.) Couos. b 394. c 2056. R 238a. 



Spurred Tow^hee Bunting. 



298. PjT-rhu-lox'-I-a sTn-u-a'-ta. A forcible combination of Pyrrhula and Loxia : see these 



words, Nos. 190 and 199 ; or may be said to be more properly compounded of pyrrhus, 

 irvpf>os, fiery -red, and Koalas; in which event, it should be written pyrrholoxia. — Lat. sinua- 

 tas, bent, bowed, curved, as the bill of the bird is; from shiuo, the verb; sinus, the noun, 

 a curve, bending, bay. 



299. Car-dln-a'-lls vir-gln-i-a'-na. Lat. cardinalis, pertaining to a door-hinge ; cardo, genitive 



cardinis, a door-hinge ; hence, that upon wiiicli something turns or depends ; as, cardinal 

 points of the compass ; hence, any important thing or person ; applied with obvious sig- 

 nification to the chief oflBcials of the Pope. These ecclesiastical dignitaries wear red ; 

 hence the phrase " cardinal-red." The term is applied to the bird as descriptive of its 

 rich red color. As a Latin word, cardinalis is only an adjective; used substantively, its 

 gender is either masculine or feminine. We take the latter, because most words ending in 

 is- are feminine. — Lat. virginiana, of Virginia, euphemistically named for Elizabeth, 

 daughter of Henry VIII. 



300. C. V. ig'-ng-a. Lat. igneus, fiery, flaming ; said of color as well as of other properties ; 



ignis, fire. 



301. Pi'-pil-5 e-ryth-r5ph-thal'-mus. Vieillot, in forming the word, wrote both pipilo and 



pipillo. It is a Latin verb, meaning, like pipio, I pip, peep, chirp. Notice the ac('entua- 

 tion and quantity of the vowels. — Gr. ipvOpos, red or reddish ; ipevBo}, I redden ; 6(pea\- 

 fi6s, the eye, from o-KTonai, a verb obsolete in the present, or opaw, I see ; we find both 

 words in "ophthalmic," " optic." The species is red-eyed. — The curious English words 

 " towhee " and " chewink " are onomatopoeic : that is, coined to imitate the sound of 

 the bird's voice. 



302. P. e. al'-len-i. To Joel Asaph Allen, of Cambridge, Mass., one of the leading naturalists 



of the United States. 



303. P. ma-cul-a'-tiis 6r-g-g6'-nus. Lat. maculatus, spotted; macida,ii spot. — To the Oregon 



Eiver. Quantity of the penult in question, perhaps better ore'gSnus. 

 The stock species, P. maculatus, is not North American. 



304. P. m. arc'-tl-ca. See Sialia, No. 29. 



305. P. m. mg-gal'-o-nyx. Gr. ixeya.\-n (feminine of fih<^s), large, great, and ow^, Lat. onyx, a 



nail, claw, talon. The word is commonly accented on a long penult; a practice perhaps 

 defensible on the ground that megald-dnyx = megalonyx. 



