44 SALAMANDRA ERYTHRONOTA. 
Cotour. The head above is reddish-brown, the upper and lower jaw tinged 
with yellow. ‘The back is marked with a broad vertebral band of reddish-brown, 
which extends to near the tip of the tail; below this the flanks are yellowish- 
brown, as well as the sides of the tail. The anterior and posterior extremities 
are yellowish-brown above. ‘The whole inferior surface of the animal, body, tail 
and extremities, is dusky-white. 
Divenstons. Length of head, 33 lines; of body to vent, 1 inch 3 lines; of tail 
beyond vent, 1 inch 2 lines: total length, 2 inches 8 lines. 
Hasirs. This is entirely a land animal, and is found under rocks and stones. 
GeocrapuicaL Disrrisution. ‘The Salamandra erythronota is, perhaps, the 
most common species in the northern states, from latitude 44° to 39°; it is 
abundant in the neighbourhood of Boston and Philadelphia; and if it be identical 
with the Salamandra cinerea, of which I have no doubt, then is its range very 
extensive, for Dr. Blanding has seen it as far south as Camden, in South Carolina, 
and Say as far west as Louisville, in Kentucky. 
GeneraL Remarks. The Salamandra cinerea is no doubt identical with the 
Salamandra erythronota—its form, its proportions, its habits and localities are 
precisely the same, being often found in company under the same stone; its colour 
is the same, except in having only a small remnant of the reddish-brown vertebral 
band, or in wanting it altogether, which may be the result of old age. Dr. Green, 
who first described the Salamandra cinerea, has, by further investigation, come 
to the conclusion that these two species are identical; and in this he is supported 
by Dr. Pickering. I have never had the opportunity of examining these animals 
alive, as might be desired. 
To Professor Green belongs the merit of having first observed and described 
the Salamandra now under consideration; for although he believed it was only a 
variety of an animal described by Rafinesque, yet he informed me that Rafinesque 
