218 HERBERT WATNEY. '" 



tubes or " ducts," lined by an epithelium continuous and 

 identical with that of the surface ; these ducts dividing two 

 short branches, and into each of these branches two or 

 three small branching tubes open. These small branching 

 tubes are called the " coiled tubes." 



It is shown that the epithelium of the surface is open in 

 certain stages of secretion only, as was described by Todd 

 and Bowman. 



Observations are next recorded on the germination of the 

 epithelium, as seen from hardened specimens. It is found 

 that there are four different phenomena. 



A. Many of the epithelial cells covering the surface are 

 found to contain nuclei in a state of division, and this divi- 

 sion is transverse, oblique, and longitudinal, b. Small cells 

 are seen at the base of the epithelium, and these cells are of 

 two kinds, lymph corpuscles and conical or rounded cells, the 

 latter differing in every respect except size from the former, 

 c. Short, broad epithelial cells are also found ; and, finally, 

 D, the epithelial buds or groups (see fig. 6), composed of 

 two or three, or even more cells arranged very much like a 

 bud. The same features are seen in the small round or 

 conical cells, in the short broad cells, and in the epithelial 

 buds. These features are a spherical nucleus as opposed to 

 the oval nucleus of ordinary epithelium, and a finely granu- 

 lar protoplasm of the cells, which is not readily stained by 

 hsematoxylin. The conclusions which are drawn are — that 

 the epithelial cells divide, that the small round cells are pro- 

 ducts of their division, that these cells rise up and form the 

 short broad cells, and that they in turn by division form the 

 ** epithelial buds." The epithelial buds are found in situa- 

 tions where they cannot be explained by foldings of the 

 epithelium, and they occur in young and old animals. 



Attention is drawn to the fact that there is an intercellular 

 substance uniting the epithelial cells of the surface of the 

 stomach, which is acted upon by staining fluids in quite a 

 different manner to that in which the reticulum is affected. 



The membrana propria is found to resemble that of the 

 villi. 



The blood-vessels in the plicae villosse are shown to be 

 enclosed in perivascular spaces, these spaces being formed 

 of endothelium ; towards the surface, where the blood-vessel, 

 run parallel to the surface, the upper wall of the perivascular 

 space is formed by the membrana propria of the plicae villossae 

 an arrangement similar to that which lias been described by 

 Boll in the salivary glands, and Ludwig and Tomsa in the 

 testicle. Probably these perivascular spaces are the lym- 



