NEW GENUS AND SPECIES OF ZOANTHINA MALACODERMATA. 221 



On a New Genus and Species of Zoanthina malaco- 

 DERMATA (Panceria spongiosa, sp. u.) . By Angelo 

 Andres, Ph.D. (With Plate XVI.) 



This new kind of polyp was found in Port Natal, like the 

 allied species Xanthus viridis, Kr., and Pales Cliftonii, Gr. 

 It has a cylindrical shape, and is four centim. in length 

 and six millim. in diameter (PI. XVI, fig. 1). 



The basis is not muscular, but permanently fixed to the 

 ground, and often spreads out to produce the buds, from 

 which the " blastozoites"^ arise; after the complete develop- 

 ment of these the extended portion or coenenchyma disap- 

 pears, and the blastozo'ites remain isolated. The surface of 

 the body is completely naked, with shallow transverse 

 wrinkles (Pales). The tentacles (fig. 2) are disposed in 

 two concentric rows ; they are alternate to each other, alike, 

 short, simple, conical; their total number is forty-two, half 

 on each row, and, perhaps, originated after the series 6, ll^, 

 24.2 J j^g^yg jjQj jjggn ^\,\q tQ ^n(i either the bourses mar- 

 ginales or the ampulles integumentaires of Hollard.^ 



Splitting the animal longitudinally, we find a short, conico- 

 cylindrical stomach (fig. 2, s), the surface of which is wrinkled 

 in very numerous folds ;* they are longitudinal, parallel, and 

 divided into five or six superposed rows by transverse annular 

 furrows. In the superior portion, however, no folds are 

 present, so that you may almost infer the morphological 

 division into pharyngeal and gastric region, as Quatrefages 

 did in the Edwardsia.^ The mesenteric septa are, of course, 

 equal in number to the tentacles; they do not present that 

 pore which in the Actinozoa is considered homologous to the 

 circular canal of Hydroid-medusse.^ Not every one bears a 

 filament, but only a few ; perhaps twelve on an average. 

 The superior or straight portion of the filaments (fig. 2, b) 

 is regular, while the inferior or convoluted (fig. 2,/) is more 



' Lacaze-Duthiers, "Mem. sur les Antipathaires " ('Ann. sc. nat.,'5, ii). 



^ HoUard, " Monographic anat. du g. Actinia " (' Ann. sc. nat.,' 3, xv). 

 Hollard, ' Etudes sur I'organisation des Actinies,' 1848. Haime et Milne- 

 Edward, " Sur les Polypiers," &c. (' Ann. sc. nat.,' 3, ix). Lacaze-Duthiers, 

 • Comptes Rendus,' 1873, &c. C. Semper, ' Zeitschr. d. wiss. Zoologie,' 

 xxii. 



^ Loc. cit. 



* Uonf. Agassiz, ' Contribut. nat. hist. United States.' ' Gosse, * Actino- 

 logia Britannica.' 



* Quatrefages, "Mem. sur les Edwarsies" ('Ann. sc. nat.,' 2, xviii). 



« Allmann, " Homolog. Relations of Coelent." (' Trans. R. S. of Edin- 

 burgh,' xxvi). 



