STRUCTURE OF SEVERAL FORMS OF LAND PLANARIANS. 273 



Notes on the Structure of Several Forms o/Land Plana- 

 RiANs, with a Description o/T'no New Genera and several 

 New Species, a^id a List of all Species at present known. 

 By H. N. Moseley, M.A., F.U.S., Fellow of Exeter College, 

 Oxford. (With Plate XX.) 



Having made a special study of the structure of the Land 

 Planarians of Ceylon, the results of which were published in the 

 'Phil. Trans. E. Soc' of 1874,i I was naturally led to extend my 

 observations of the group during the voyage of H. M.S. 'Challenger.^ 

 I collected specimens wherever the opportunity offered, and 

 made such observations on them as ray other work permitted. 

 The present paper contains the results of these observations, which 

 are very far from complete, since I have not yet been able to make 

 an extended investigation of all the specimens which I preserved 

 for that purpose. 



Land Planarians of Brazil. 



In September, 1873, during the stay of H.M.S. ' Challenger' at 

 Bahia, 1 found abundance of a species of Geoplana, apparently 

 hitherto undescribed, and a single specimen of a second species 

 undetermined was found by Dr. von Willemoes-Suhm. The 

 jiew species, Geoplana Jiav a, was found in moist shady places in the 

 neiglibourhood of Bahia, and especially beneath the sheathing 

 bases of the leaves of Bananas, which retreat is that selected also 

 most usually by the Ceylon land planarians of the genera II. 

 Hhynchodemus and Bipalium. A few specimens were also found 

 crawling on palm stems in the daytime in very rainy weather, but 

 in places where there was very little light. 



I repeated the experiments made by Fritz Miiller as to the 

 ciliation of the surface of the animals, using, however, very small 

 fragments of paper to place on the animal to indicate the direction 

 of currents, instead of arrow-root meal, and with a somewhat 

 different result. 



Fritz Miiller (" Beitriige zur Kenntniss der Landplanarien," Dr. 

 Max Schultze, 'Abhn.der Naturforschenden Gess.,'in Halle 4 Bd.) 

 found that the meal moved on the dorsal surface of the animal 

 forwards and somewhat outwards, on the ventral surface back- 

 wards. When the animal was resting in a contracted and 

 quiescent state, I found that no ciliary motion was shown on the 



^ " On the Anatomy and Histology of tlie Land Planarians of Ceylon ; with 

 some Account of their Habits, and a Description of Two New Species, and 

 with Notes on the Anatomy of some European Aquatic Species." By H. 

 N. Moseley, ' Phil. Trans. Roy. Soc.,' 1874, p. 105. 



