390 DR. E. KLEIN. 
System,’ in agreement with v. Recklinghausen, Sikorsky, and 
others, the lymphatic capillaries connected on the one hand 
with the plexus of lymphatics, and originating on the other 
hand in the tissue, open everywhere freely into the inter- 
fascicular spaces, their lumen communicating freely with 
the latter.1 This accounts for the endothelial wall being 
here perforated by numerous holes or stomata. The iden- 
tical condition is met with in the intertubular lymphatics of 
the testis (v. Mihalkovitch) and in the connective tissue of 
the membranes of the brain and spinal cord (Key and 
Retzius), where lymphatics are lined with perforated endo- 
thelium, the holes leading into the spaces within the con- 
nective-tissue bundles. But there is also another indirect 
mode of connection of the lymphatic with the interfascicular 
spaces, and that is the mode which no doubt is the common 
one, and which occurs in the lymphatics in all strata ; it is 
this: the albuminous cement substance between the endo- 
thelial cells forming the wall of the lymphatic is continuous 
with the similar substance acting as cement between the 
connective-tissue bundles. This substance being soft and 
semi-fluid does not present any obstacle to the passage of 
either fluid or formed matter from outside, z7.e. from the 
interfascicular spaces into the lymphatic vessel. 
This mode of connection is the one by pseudostomata in 
contradistinction to the former or direct one by real stomata. 
This relation plays an important part in the absorption of 
chyle globules by the chyle vessels of the intestinal villi 
(Watney), and the same relation also exists between the 
lymphatics and the epithelium of the surface of the mucous 
membranes and glands (Sikorsky, Klein, Arnold, Thoma, 
Kiittner, and others), and the endothelium of the surface 
of the serous membranes, as I have shown in my ‘ Anatomy 
of the Lymphatics.’ 
The assertions of Neumann and of G. and F. Hoggan 
that the lymphatic vessels are closed tubes not in communi- 
cation with the surrounding connective tissue refer only to 
their respective preparations ; they are not applicable to 
what I find in my preparations in which the lymphatics are 
successfully injected with an asphalt-benzole solution. Both 
in the skin of the dog, pig, rabbit, and especially in that of 
man, I find clear proofs of the free opening of lymphatic 
capillaries into the interfascicular spaces (see Fig. 6). But 
also in some instances of Berlin-blue injections I have 
1 The above-named crenate and irregular outline of some of the lympha- 
tics is due to this fact, viz. that their endothelium is perforated, and their 
lumen opening into the spaces of the surrounding connective tissue. 
