TRANSLATIONS. 
Diz SPERMATOZOIDEN in PFLANZENREICH. (On the Sperma- 
TOZOIDS in the VEGETABLE Kinepom.) By Dr. H. 
Scuacat. Brunswick, 1864. 
Tue subject of spermatozoids in plants is one of consider- 
able importance and great interest in many points of view, 
and it has been taken up and considered by Dr. Schacht very 
fully and ably in this short work. 
The plants in which’ his researches were chiefly carried on 
were: a species of Equisetum (E. telmaieja), which is common 
in the neighbourhood of Bonn; various species of ferns 
(Gymnogramma, Doodia, Pieris) ; Nitella syncarpa ; Mosses, 
as Polytrichum, Haplomitrium, Pellia, Fegatella; several 
Lycopodiacee and Rhizucarpee ; Alye; and Fungi (Perono- 
spora Alsine. 
The general results at which he has arrived are : 
1. That the spermatozoids of Cryptogams arise from the 
solid and liquid contents of their mother-cell in the interior 
of the antheridium, accompanied with a peculiar division of 
the nucleus, which in most cases disappears during the 
process. 
2. They consist of a soft and extensible body supporting 
two or more cilia, and which corresponds with a cell, except 
that it has no cell-membrane, instead of which it is surrounded 
with a layer of protoplasm, which encloses the fluid contents 
intermixed with granules. No nucleus is discernible in the 
spermatozoid body, except (according to Pringsheim) in cer- 
tain alge. The epermatozoid is capable of moving about in 
the water. 
3. The spermatozoid of the mature antheridia becomes free 
either by the dissolution of the hydrocarbonaceous wall of the 
parent-cell, or escapes through a rupture fof it. Both modes 
of liberation occasionally oceur at the same time, 
4, In the alge the spermatozoid presents the form of a 
