QUARTERLY CHRONICLE. 141 
Composite.—Crystals in the ovary coat. Very remark- 
able in the Cynarocephalee. 
Oleacee.—No raphides, few sphzraphides in Olea latifotia. 
Orchidecee.—Raphides in many species abundant in Cypri- 
pedium large crystals. 
Iridacee.—Varying crystals in different genera, none in 
Sisyrinchium, nor raphides. 
Amaryllidacee.—Raphides in Sternbergia, Brunsvigia, Pan- 
cratium, Alstremeria ; absent in Amaryllis, sp., large crystals 
in Fourcroya. 
In the March number of the same magazine Mr. Gulliver 
adds some further notes on raphides and crystals in the 
Liliacez, particularising several genera and species. 
Development of the flowers in the Composite. (‘ Biblio- 
theque Universelle,’ October.)—Professor Wolfgang has been 
studying this subject minutely. The flowers of the head are 
developed subsequently to the leaves of the involucre, from 
the circumference of the receptacle towards its centre. The 
leaves first appear as oblique prominences continuous with 
the epithelium of the receptacle. These parts now become 
completely spherical, and around the apex of the bud arises a 
circular elevation, which soon forms a sort of crater. The 
rudiments of the subsequently suppressed calyx also appear ; 
there is no pappus now discernible. Next the five petals 
commence on the crater wall, growing from their base and 
curving inwards. Then the anthers origmate on the inner 
wall, the petals become conjoined and the pappus developes 
from the outer wall; it must be considered as an accessory 
organ. The ovary is inferior, and is produced by the growth 
of a dise of tissue. The ovule is lateral. 
The series of papers on ‘ The Nomenclature of the Foramini- 
fera, by Messrs. Parker, Jones, and Brapy, is continued in 
‘The Annals and Magazine of Natural History. Micro- 
scopists having their attention in any way directed to these 
interesting forms of life will do well to peruse the valuable 
and authoritative essay of these authors. In the March 
number the species of Foraminifera enumerated by Batsch, 
in 1791, are treated of. 
On the eyes of Asteracanthion rubens, Mull. and Frosch. 
(Uraster rubens of Forbes.) By S. Jourparn. (‘Comptes 
Rendus,’ Jan. 16, 1885.)—The author remarks, in the first 
place, that the eyes in the invertebrata may be referred to two 
distinct and fundamental types—1, those which are zdoscopic, 
that is furnishing images ; and, 2, those which are photoscopic, 
that is to say, fitted only to give a general sensation of light 
or darkness. The first kind are well known, but the photo- 
