PROCEEDINGS OF SOCIETIES. 297 
tion, as is usual in this genus, is somewhat larger than the others 
which very slightly and gradually diminish upwards. The termina, 
clear space in the endochrome large, circular, well defined ; active 
granules very numerous. 
Measurements.—“ Length of frond y4, breadth z45 of an inch” 
(Kaye, in litt.). 
Affinities and differences.—The whorls of hyaline quadripartite 
spines abundantly separate this beautiful species from every other 
belonging to this genus, or to Triploceras (Bailey). In outline 
of frond, indeed, it seems much to resemble Docidium nodosum 
(Bailey), but that species is quite destitute of spines. There is 
no other species, taking even the general form of the frond merely 
into account, and irrespective of the spines, with which, so far as 
T can see, there is the least necessity to contrast this form. The 
spines seem to me to be quite similar in structure to those of 
Xanthidium armatum (Breb.). The extremities are not at all 
lobed, but are abruptly truncate ; and hence this species cannot be 
referred to the genus T'rriploceras (Bailey). 
Mr. Kaye having kindly placed at my disposal, accompanied by 
his valuable remarks, the very graphic drawing (executed by his 
friend Dr. Lauder), from which the figure is taken, it affords me 
very great pleasure indeed to avail myself of the opportunity to 
call this beautiful and very distinct species after his name, as a 
humble mark of esteem, and in reminiscence of some pleasant 
hours. 
MANCHESTER LITERARY AND PHILOSOPHICAL SOCIETY. 
MICROSCOPICAL SECTION. 
February 26th, 1865. 
Dr. W. C. Wititamsoy, F.R.S., in the Chair. 
Dr. Alcock showed mounted specimens of the carapaces of 
Entomostraca, picked from shore-sand from the coast of Gal- 
way. They included Q, lythere alba-maculata, angustata, varia- 
bilis, flavida, conveaa, impressa, pellucida, and quadridentata ; 
besides about thirty other species of Cythere and Cythereis 
which are not described in Dr. Baird’s monograph. 
Professor Williamson said that the further we extend our ob- 
servations of the lower forms of animal life, the greater become 
our difficulties in determining specific distinctions ; and in the 
present case it must be remembered that we have only the shell 
or carapace for examination, and this outer skin is of less value 
for distinctive characters than the internal parts. Then, again, it 
is known that some of the Entomostraca undergo several meta- . 
morphoses similar to those passed through by the higher Crus- 
tacea before they become adult, so that he should not be at all 
