NOTES ANn MEMORANDA. 303 



of segmentation soon developed into actual flagellated Monads 

 in a manner presently to be described ; whilst in others 

 they seemed to remain for a longer period in the condition of 

 simple motionless corpuscles. Other solitary corpuscles or 

 small areas began to form in the pellicle in precisely the same 

 manner, though they speedily assumed a highly refractive 

 and homogeneous appearance. Why some should undergo 

 such a change, and not others, seems quite impossible to say. 

 One can only assert the fact, and add that these highly re- 

 fractive ovoid corpuscles were, for the most part, more prone 

 to produce Fungus-germs than Monads. Many of them soon 

 grew out into dissepimented fungus filaments, which rapidly 

 assumed the Pe/ncillium mode of growth. The spores, which 

 were abundantly produced in terminal chaplet-like series, 

 were, however, small, homogeneous, spherical, and colour- 

 less." In other cases Monads and Fungus-germs are pro- 

 duced from the pellicle in precisely the same manner as tliat 

 by which they arise within the terminal chambers of certain 

 Algae or Fungi — that is to say, they result from the segmen- 

 tation of a mass of homogeneous protoplasm. 



In speaking of such a mode of origin of Monads, Dr. 

 Bastian says: — " Contrasting with the very pale fawn-colour 

 of the evenly granular pellicle, there were numerous areas of 

 a whitish colour, refractive, and more or less homogeneous. 

 These areas differed very much in shape and size; some were 

 not more than -ttjVo'j whilst others were as much as t4~o ' i^ 

 diameter. Their shape was wholly irregular. As in the in- 

 stances previously recorded, the first appreciable stage in the 

 formation of an embryonal area in the pellicle was a local in- 

 crease in the amount of gelatinous material between the units 

 of this portion of the pellicle, so that they became more dis- 

 tinctly separated from one another than in adjacent parts. 

 Gradually these particles became less sharply defined, and at 

 last scarcely visible, in the midst of a highly refractive pro- 

 toplasmic mass which began to exhibit traces of segmenta- 

 tion. Masses of this kind were seen, which had been resolved 

 by such a process of segmentation into a number of sphe- 

 rical corpuscles about t-^'ou" i^^ diameter. These were at 

 first highly refractive, though they gradually became rather 

 less so, and revealed the presence of two or three minute gra- 

 nules in their interior In other adjacent areas a number 

 of densely packed, pliant, and slightly larger corpuscles were 

 seen actively pushing against one another. When they 

 separated, they were found to be active ovoid specimens of 

 Monas lens ,-dhou.t -3 ^^^~' in length, and provided with a vacuole 

 and a raj)idly lashing flagellura." 



