49 
and form a series of about twelve strong ridges which run longitudinally in the interior of the 
corallites. These septal ridges are crossed by rudimentary tabulee in the form of short spine- 
like lamellee, about three or four in the space of a line, and not placed on the same level in con- 
tiguous ridges. It is possible that these forms are specifically distinct from those which I 
have here referred to, /. Forbesi ; but I do not feel that it is safe to separate them at present, 
Locality and Formation.—Corniferous Limestone, Port Colborne, and Lot 6, Concession 
1, Wainfleet. 
50. FAVOSITES HEMISPHERICA (Yandell and Shumard). 
(Plate VIII. Fig. 3.) 
Favosites hemispherica (Yandell and Shumard), Contrib. to Geol. of Kentucky, p. 7. 
Alveolites hemispherica (D’Orbigny), Prodr. de Paléont, Vol. I., p. 49. 
Emmonsia hemispherica (Milne Edwards and Jules Haime), Pol. Foss. des Terr. Paléoz, 
p. 247; and Brit. Fossil Corals, Plate XLVIIL, figs. 4, 4a. 
Favosites hemispherica (Billings) Canadian Journal, New Series, Vol. IV., p. 105, figs. 
5, 6, 7. 
In its essential characters this species is very closely allied to F. Gothlandica. Externally, 
however, it may in general be distinguished from the latter by the much smaller size of the 
corallites, which are usually only from one twenty-fourth to one twentieth of an inch in dia- 
meter, though they sometimes reach one line. Internally, the species is distinguished by the 
fact that the tabulze are incomplete, very thin and closely set, usually exteading only about 
half way across the corallite, and often interlocked towards its centre, Some of the tabulz, 
however, are usually complete. The mural pores are stated td be in one, two, or three rows, 
(Milne Edwards and Haime, and Billings) but I have not succeeded in detecting their ar- 
rangement in any of the Canadian examples which haye come under my own notice. Accord- 
ing to Milne Edwards and Haime, also, there are twelve well-developed septa, but these are 
indeterminable in the Canadian specimens. This species may possibly turn out, as suggested 
by Mr. Billings, to be identical with /. Gothlandica, but its distinctive characters can usually 
be recognised with such ease as to justify placing it under a separate specific title. There 
can be no hesitation, however, in following Mr. Billings in his refusal to adopt the genus 
Emmonsia, proposed by Edwards and Haime to receive this species, and founded simply upon 
the incomplete condition of the tabulee. 
Locality and Formation.—Common in the Corniferous Limestone of Ridgeway, Port 
Colborne, and many other localities in Western Ontario. Also, in tho Hamilton Formation 
of Bosanquet. 
51. FAvVosITES TURBINATA (Billings). 
(Plate VIII. Figs. 1 and 2.) 
Favosites turbinata (Billings), Canadian Journal, New Series, Vol. IV., p. 109, and Vol. 
V., p. 258, fig. 7. 
‘Corallum forming elongate turbinate masses, sometimes two feet in length and six 
inches in diameter, often curved at the base. Corallites nearly of an uniform size, usually 
somewhat’ less than a line in width ; transverse diaphragms thin, flat, flexuous, complete or 
incomplete. Only one row of pores has been observed. Whole surface except the upper part 
covered with a strong epitheca which closes the mouths of the cells” (Billings). 
There can be no question as to the specific distinctness of this most remarkable species, 
the most singular representative of the genus. The form of the colony varies much, but is in 
typical specimens that of a straight or curved cone, which varies in length from less than one 
inch up to two feet. Other examples are more or less cylindrical, either straight like Ortho- 
ceratites, or more commonly curved or twisted, and of irregular diameter. Other specimens, 
again are irregular curved masses, which look like large potatoes. 
In perfectly preserved specimens, the whole of the colony, except the upper surface, is 
covered by a thinner or thicker epitheca, which seals up the calices of the corallites. The 
summit of the eolony is usually somewhat cup-shaped (though this may not be a natural 
appearance) ; and it is only here that the corallites are open. In most specimens, the epitheca 
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