PYROTHERIUM 167 
and extending forward to the bases of the tushes. They 
have developed downward so as to carry the plane of 
the palate far below the plane of the basicranium, and 
causing the upward bend in the basicranial axis, which 
is so characteristic of elephants. This bend leaves the 
occipital condyles a full foot above the plane of the teeth. 
The maxilla extends upward so as to bound the major 
part of anterior margin of the nasal opening, and of the 
orbit, which latter opening is small and directed forward. 
The zygomatic process is large and makes a considerable 
portion of the arch. The jugal is a broad flat bone making 
up most of the zygomatic arch and extending back so as 
to take a small part in making the glenoid fossa, as in 
elephants. 
The top of the brain case was crushed in before the 
burial of the animal, the anterior part being present, 
and about 40 mm. below its normal position, but the parie- 
tal region having been loose, exposed the brain cavity, the 
ear chamber and some of the cellular vacuities. The 
nasal bones are long and light in build, and are pushed back 
so that they lie between the postorbital processes of the 
frontals. ‘The frontals were united medianly, and_ pro- 
longed on either side of the nasals to make the postorbital 
processes. ‘The back margin of the frontals is broken 
away. ‘The parietals are lost, but it is apparent that there 
was a short sargittal crest. From the middle, high lamb- 
doidal crests extend to either side, and become continuous 
with the upper margins of the zygomatic arches. ‘The 
posterior face of the skull slopes back from the lambdoidal 
crests for a considerable distance, down to the moderate- 
sized foramen magnum. 
The squamosum is a large bone, with the lambdoidal 
crest and the extension of the zygomatic arch on its upper 
surface. It carries the major part of the glenoid fossa. 
Behind the auditory meatus is a large post-tympanic 
portion which extends down and unites with the pretym- 
