DESCRIPTION OF PLATES. 27 
for the breadth of the crown; it is understood to have been derived 
from the ‘ Oyster-bed’ of Mundesley or Happisburgh. The dimensions 
are :— 
Length of crown, 8:2 in. Width, 4°3 in. 
I regard it as being of H. meridionalis.—H.F. 1857. 
Figs. 14 and 14 a.—-Elephas meridionalis. The crown of a fine last 
upper molar, left side, of a very old animal, and in an advanced stage 
of wear. There are nine ridges remaining, the first five of which are 
ground down into transverse discs; the posterior four exhibit rings that 
are not confluent. There is a talon behind enveloped by cement. In 
front of the first remaining disc there is a broad depressed surface of 
ivory, indicating the position of two or three worn-out discs in front. 
The discs are expanded, with a slight tendency to a crescentic bend, 
the cornua being bent forwards. The plates of enamel are very thick, 
and deeply channelled exteriorly, so that there is a spurious appearance 
of crimping on that surface; but the edges in contact with the cores of 
ivory are unplaited. The specimen in its mineral condition is black 
and heavy. It is understood to have belonged to Woodward (Norwich 
Museum, No. 10). The dimensions are :— 
Length of crown, 9°2in. Width of crown at second remaining ridge, 3°6 in. 
The antero-posterior convexity of the grinding surface determines 
the tooth to be an upper molar. (Reproduced in Plate VIII. of vol. ii.) 
Figs. 15 and 15 a.—Elephas meridionalis. A very remarkable 
fragment of upper molar, of enormous width. It is worn down close to 
the base, the grinding surface being somewhat convex from front to 
rear. The remains of seven discs of wear are visible. They are 
irregularly expanded, and the surrounding plates of enamel are thick 
and deeply channelled on the outer surface, but with only a very slight 
amount of crimping. The specimen is dark and heavy, and patched 
over with fresh marine incrustations. From Happisburgh (Norwich 
Museum, No. 13). The dimensions are :— 
Length of the fragment, 5-4in. Width of crown, 4:9 in.! 
Figs. 16 and 16 a.—Elephas antiquus. ‘The same plate, XIV. B., con- 
tains a representation, fig. 16, of an entire upper molar, comprising from 
sixteen to seventeen ridges within an extent of eleven inches. Only 
three of the anterior ridges are worn, the rest being intact. I now 
regard it as a molar of KH. (Euelephas) antiquus, and not of F. 
meridionalis.’—H.F. 1857. (Norwich Museum.) Believed to be the 
last true molar, upper jaw, right side, from its triangular form and the 
way in which the ridges fall off in height very rapidly behind. 
Height at fourth plate, 68in. Height at posterior ridge, 2°8in. Width of 
crown in front, 3°8 in. 
Figs. 17 and 17 a.—Elephas meridionalis. A Val d’Arno lower 
molar of the same age, from Dr. Buckland’s collection in the Oxford 
Museum, crown side. 
Length of crown, 10°in. Width of crown, 3°4in. Height of crown, 5: in. 
Figs. 18 and 18 a.—Elephas meridionalis. ‘The finest detached 
molar of this species that has come under my observation is a specimen 
which was discovered in the ‘‘ Mammalliferous Crag” on the Thorpe 
Road, near Norwich, by Mr. Prestwich. The authority of so eminent 
and accurate a geologist is a sufficient guarantee for the locality and 
