32 FAUNA ANTIQUA SIVALENSIS. 
brow, and the great depth of the trunk fossa. In this respect it 
resembles Mastodon Sivalensis, but there is no great divergency 
of the tusks, as in that species. The tusks are small and _ nearly 
cylindrical. The front tooth, very fine, has eight main ridges and a 
front and back heel; the back tooth entirely in germ, shows ten plates, 
the hindmost reversed, and the ridges like compressed plates.—B.M. 
Length of anterior molar, left side, 9°7 in. Width at second ridge, 3°65 in. 
Interval in front between the molars, 2°6 in. Interval between the molars behind, 
36 in. Length of palate from niche to diasteme, 9°7 in. Depth of trunk fossa, 
8-2 in.! 
Figs. 5 and 5 a.—Elephas bombifrons. Portion of skull showing 
palate with two teeth on either side. The front tooth has six ridges; 
the back one nine ridges and a front and back heel, only one ridge 
worn. The teeth have a great quantity of cement and the enamel is 
roughly fluted. These are characters of /. bombifrons rather than of 
E. insignis, as the figure is designated in the plate. The back tooth is 
very narrow behind, and so it is in H. bombifrons. The specimen 
resembles Pl. XXIX. fig. 2.—B.M. 
Length of front tooth, left side, 7-2 in. Width, 3°6 in. Length of back molar, 
11‘1 in. Width, 4:2 in. 
PLATE XX. 
Figs. 1 and 1 a.—Elephas insignis. Fragment of lower jaw with 
two milk molars (second and third).—B.M. 
Figs. 2 and 2a.—E. insignis. Fragment of lower jaw with milk 
molar (third). The tooth has seven ridges and a front talon.—B.M. 
Figs. 3 and 3 a.—E. insignis. Fragment of lower jaw with second 
and third milk and first true molars. The first and last teeth are im- 
perfect.—B.M. 
Figs. 4 and 4 a.—E. insignis. Lower molar (second true ?) with ten 
ridges, five front ridges worn; ten denticles in fourth ridge from back. 
—B.M. 
Figs. 5 and 5 a.—E. insignis. Fragment of lower jaw including 
ascending ramus, with portion of back molar.—B.M. 
Figs. 6 and 6 a.—E. insignis. Fragment of lower jaw containing 
second true molar with nine ridges and front and back heel; not at all 
worn.—B.M. 
Figs. 7 and 7 a.—E. insignis. Fragment of lower jaw containing 
last true molar, with twelve or thirteen ridges, the five front ridges 
worn. 
Figs. 8 and 8 a.—E. insignis. Fragment of lower jaw with last true 
molar containing about twelve ridges, of which only the three front 
ridges are worn; the greater part of the tooth still in germ. (Re- 
produced in Plate V. of vol. 11.) 
Figs. 9 and 9 a.—E. insignis. Fragment of lower jaw with (second? 
true) molar; ten ridges, or nine ridges and a back talon. Fragment of 
another tooth in front. Specimen in Geol. Soc. Museum. For further 
description see Pl. XX. A. fig. 6. 
IPGATE XOX AG 
Figs. 1 and 1 a.—Elephas Ganesa (Fale. and Caut.). From the 
Sewalik hills. Lower jaw with first and second true molars. Proved to 
be so by fig. 2. A most remarkable jaw, very high in front and with 
