RANDOM NOTES ON NATURAL HISTORY. 



was thrown up on Bateman's Beach. It is 

 probably C. calceolus Verr. 



Styliola. 



Several specimens of Styliola, probably 

 S. vitrea Verr., have been found at Newport. 

 Captured both b}' da}- and night. 



Spirialis. 



A Sjyirialis which is closely allied to S. 

 Gouldii Stirapson, occurs at times in night 

 fishing at Newport. Captured by da}' and 

 night. 

 Clione. 



The adult Clione I have never taken in 

 Narragansett Ba}', although two forms of 

 the young of a species which is identified 

 as Clione papillonacea Pallas, have been 

 captured in surface fishing. Captured by 

 day and night. 

 Stage 1. 



Tlie youngest stage of C. j)apillonacea 

 was taken at 10 a. m., and was at first re- 

 garded a worm larva. It was later recog- 

 nized as the 3'oung of Stage 2, which is un- 

 doubtedly the young of Clione, 



The bod}' is ovate, blunt at the anterior 

 and more pointed at the posterior pole. 

 Its length is 2.5 mm. 



Four well-marked regions are found in 

 the body, which is girt by four rings of 

 cilia. Of these body regions the third, 

 counting from the anterior, is the largest 

 and the most posterior the smallest. The 

 anterior or cephalic has a cup-shape, upon 

 the posterior rim of which there is a ring 

 of cilia, and on the top an infolding. It is 

 separated from the second by a deep con- 

 striction just below the ring of cilia. 



On each side of the median line extend- 

 ing backward over the anterior portion of 

 the second body region, hang down two fin- 

 ger-like projections which are the beginnings 

 of a heart-shaped organ, often called a 

 " foot," found in that position in the adult. 



In a side view one of the finger-shaped 

 bodies last mentioned is seen in profile. 

 From the constriction just below the first 

 ring of cilia under this finger-shaped body, 

 the rudiments of the future " wings" of the 

 Pteropod appear as little buds, one on each 

 side. 



.The second and third body regions, which 

 together make the greater part of the body, 

 have the form of swollen cylinders separated 

 from each other by ciliated belts, the sec- 



ond ciliated ring of the larva being* placed 

 on the anterior border of the segment wiiich 

 is second in order of enumeration, counting 

 the head as a segment. The maximum di- 

 ameter is just below the third ring of cilia. 

 The terminal body-segment is pointed, con- 

 ical, tipped by a tuft of cilia or a flagellum. 

 The whole body of the larva is filled with 

 large spherical globules. 

 Stage 2. 



A second stage, intermediate between that 

 just described and the adult, shows that both 

 may rightly be referred to Clione papillona- 

 cea. It has the head much more rounded 

 and the body more conical, tapering regu- 

 larly backward to the posterior pole. In 

 this larva one belt of cilia only was seen, 

 viz. : the small ring which is placed near 

 the posterior end of the body, or between 

 it and the third body segment. The head 

 bears two short tentacles, one on eacl> side 

 of a median line in which lies the mouth. 

 The chitiuous teeth are well developed. The 

 walls of the head are covered with small 

 papilliB. The two finger-like projections 

 mentioned above have consolidated and 

 formed a heart-shaped organ, the outlines 

 of which are similar to the form of the 

 same in the adult. 



The constriction below the head in the 

 earlier stage has broadened, and the two 

 wing-like flappers which move so rapidly 

 and which give the name of " sea-butter- 

 flies " to the group, have become very promi- 

 nent. They are very thin and delicate, 

 crossed by a muscular net-work of exquisite 

 fineness. 



Just below the heart-shaped organ lies a 

 median tooth, an unpaired projection point- 

 ing backward. The whole surface of the 

 body-walls is covered with minute papillre. 

 The walls are translucent, and in the body 

 ■cavity at the greatest diameter, just below 

 the wings, a globular mas^ more or less 

 opaque, brown on one side and red on the 

 other, can be easily seen. The posterior ex- 

 tremity of the second stage is formed of a 

 very small segment separated from the re- 

 mainder of the body by the persistent cil- 

 iated belt. This region has a bright red 

 color. 



The stage of Clione just described was 

 taken in nocturnal fishing. Its length is 

 5 mm. J. WALTiiii Fewkes. 



Cambuidge, Nov. 11, 18S4. 



