24 
wedged in, and connected by ligament with the meso- 
pterygoid and the palatine, as in Sebastolobus.t 
Palatine (Pa.).—A curved rod largely of bone, but 
partly of cartilage. Its posterior half is partly cartila- 
ginous and is closely connected with the meso-pterygoid, 
pterygoid, and the anterior angle on the base of the ptery- 
goid. Its anterior half is bony except at the extremity, 
which bears a cartilaginous cap attached by ligament to a 
dorso-posterior elevation on the maxilla. The palatine 
sends down opposite the anterior end of the meso-ptery- 
goid a rounded process which is strongly attached to the 
enlarged anterior extremity of the vomer, and apparently 
also to the ventral process of the pre-frontal as described 
by Brookst in the Haddock. In the natural disposition of 
the bones the palatine lies internal to the maxilla. 
Eyeless Side. 
Hyomandibular.—Much smaller and less densely 
calcified, and is altogether an obviously feebler bone, 
although the ball and socket articulation with the skull, 
whilst slightly smaller, is yet deeper and stronger. The 
cartilaginous cap for the inter-hyal is also present on this 
side. 
Symplectic.—Considerably shorter, but more robust, 
and has only a cartilaginous wedge at its upper extremity. 
Quadrate.—Slightly shorter but wider  antero- 
posteriorly and more densely calcified, especially at its 
free ventral extremity. Its dorso-anterior margin is, 
however, cartilaginous where it articulates with the meta- 
pterygoid. 
Meta-pterygoid.—Somewhat shorter and narrower, 
{ Starks, Proc. Californian Acad. Sci., ser. iii., vol. i., 1898. 
t Sci. Proce. R. Soc., Dublin, iv., 1884. 
