FAMILY SPH ROMID”. 83 
mens or males; of four other genera, viz. Dynamenella 
(n. gen.) Amphoroidea (M.—Edw.), Campecopea (Leach), 
and Tecticeps (Richardson), I have seen females with the 
marsupium well developed but no brood was perceived, and in 
all the mouth-parts did not deviate from those in the males. 
I venture to state that among the genera of which females 
with brood or marsupium are unknown to me, at least 
Hemisphxroma (n. gen.), Monolistra (Gerst.), Caco- 
spheroma (Dollf.), Cassidina (M—Kdw.), Chitinopsis 
(Whitelegge), and probably Speleospheroma and 
Ancinus (M.—Kdw.), have the mouth-parts similar in males 
and in females with brood. Of Cymodoce (Leach), Cilicea 
(Leach), Ciliczopsis (n. gen.) and Bregmocerella 
(Hasw.), Dynamene (Leach), Paracerceis (n. gen.), and 
Cerceis (M.—Edw.) the females carrying brood have the 
mouth-parts metamorphosed; I have examined at least one 
species of each of these genera, of some genera two, three, or 
more species, always with the same result. I am confident 
that in Cassidinella (Whitelegge), Neesicopea (Stebb.), 
and Haswellia (Miers), the female mouth-parts will in the 
future be found to be altered in the same way. 
Let us now look at the differences between the mouth-parts 
of an egg-bearing female and a male (or an immature speci- 
men) of one of the European species of Cymodoce. In the 
male the major distal portion of the incisive process of the 
mandibles (fig. 1 a) is dark brown or black, lacinia mobilis is 
well developed, with a plate on the left mandible the molar . 
process is thick and moderately long (fig. 1b). In the egg- 
bearing female the incisive process is rounded and yellowish, 
which shows that it is less hard, lacinia mobilis has dis- 
appeared (fig. 2 a), while the molar process is very low, scarcely 
developed, and without equipment for trituration. The female 
maxillule (fig. 26) have been altered in a corresponding 
way ; the distal half of the inner lobe is much narrower than 
in the male (fig. 1c), its end rounded and the stiff sete lost; 
the outer lobe has gained a number of fine hairs, but its end 
is rounded and of the strong terminal spines at most a rudi- 
