RELATION OF PATHOGENIC TO SEPTIC BACTEBIA. 47 



and rabbits. As a rule the mice were inoculated into the 

 subcutaneous tissue of the tail, the guinea-pigs and rabbits 

 into the inguinal skin or subcutaneous tissue, or into the skin 

 of the ear-lube. The infective material — blood of an anthrax 

 animal or bacillus of a cultivation — is collected in a capillary 

 tube freshly drawn out, and is then blown out into a small in- 

 cision made into the true skin or subcutaneous tissue, accord- 

 ing as desired, with a sharp blade that has been before per- 

 fectly disinfected in the gas blowpipe. By this method of 

 inoculation I always made certain of not getting any contami- 

 nation by the instruments — syringe and canula — that may have 

 been used in previous inoculations. In some cases I used also 

 Fravaz syringes, viz. when I inoculated with blood of anthrax, 

 and expected fatal anthrax; for in this case, even if the syringe 

 should not have been cleaned of anthrax particles of former 

 inoculations it did not matter. Knowing the great difficulty 

 of thoroughly disinfecting Pravaz syringes, heating not being 

 available, T did not practise as a rule inoculation by means of 

 the syringe. In the case of guinea-pigs and rabbits a syringe 

 can be always dispensed with, since a capillary pipette drawn 

 out to a fine point and charged with the infective material is as 

 easily inserted to any distance into the inguinal subcutaneous 

 tissue as the Csinula of a hypodermic syringe. A minute in- 

 cision having previously been made, the capillary pipette is 

 emptied of its contents as usual i. e. by blowing into the near 

 end of.it. But even into the subcutaneous tissue of the tail of 

 a mouse a capillary pipette drawn out into a fine point can be 

 easily advanced for a distance sufficiently long for safe inocula- 

 tion. In all my inoculations with blood and with fresh cul- 

 tures I have used only very minute quantities of the infective 

 material, a portion of a droplet to a drop, and I found that, as 

 a rule, the quantity of the material introduced was, if other 

 conditions were equal, seldom a matter of any importance. 

 Buchner and Greenfield, speaking of the early stages of suc- 

 cessive cultivations, maintain to have had to introduce in some 

 cases larger quantities of the same material than in others, in 

 order to produce an effect, owing to the activity of the material 



