AN ATTEMPT TO CLASSIFY EARTHWORMS. 249 



Family VII. Geoscolecidae, Rosa ( = partly L. iutraclitel- 

 lienSj E. P. = partly EudrilidaSj Glaus, Vejdovsky = partly 

 Geoscolecidse, Rosa). 



The eight setse have a tendency to separate, or even to be 

 arranged alternately in consecutive somites, either throughout 

 the body or only posteriorly. 



The clitellum commences behind Somite xiv usually, and 

 extends over nine or more somites, intersegmental grooves not 

 being obliterated. 



The sperm-sacs are very long; there is but one pair of 

 testes and rosettes ; the genital pores are very small, and 

 may be accompanied by glandular swellings. 



A few of the anterior nephridia are larger than the following 

 ones, and may even be collected into a mass forming a pepto- 

 nephridium. 



The typhlosole is a mere dependent fold. 



Genus 21. Geoscolex, Leuckart, 1841 ( = Titanus,E. P., 1873). 



The separation of the setse occurs posteriorly, but no 

 alternation seems to occur. 



Clitellum is incomplete ventrally, and extends over Somites 



XV to XXIII. 



Spermiducal pores are intersegmental between Somites 

 xviii and xix, surrounded by an internal thickening of epi- 

 dermis. 



Oviducal pores are on Somite xiv. 



Sperm-sacs extend from Somites xii to xx or xxv. 



[Testes and ciliated funnels are in Somite xii. 



No spermathecse are known. 



Gizzard is in Somite vii ; calciferous glands in Somite xiii. 



Nephridia commence in Somite iv ; the pores are in front of 

 the inner couple of setae. The nephridium consists of a short, 

 slightly and loosely coiled tubule, opening into a strongly 

 developed duct, which is produced into a blind sac : this 

 caecum varies in its proportions in different parts of the body. 

 The first nephridium is rather different from the following, 



VOL. XXXI, PART II NEW SER. R 



