56 WwW. OG. MCINTOSH. 
pied chiefly by the cut ends of longitudinal fibres, while the 
fibres bounding it form a dense fillet. In vertical section (PI. 
6, fig. 2) the radiate arrangement of the fibres from the arch 
or fillet is well shown, and they constitute a series of loops or 
-meshes between the arch and the hypoderm. The area itself 
is occupied by vertical and oblique fibres which come from the 
dorsum in powerful bands, and which have longitudinal fibres 
here and there in their meshes. 
In Euphrosyne cirrata, Sars, from Norway, a conspicuous 
strand of fibres passes from the nerve-masses (now at the ventral 
surface) to the caruncle (Pl. 7, fig. 1), while other fibres con- 
verge from the neighbouring region to the same organ. Im- 
mediately over the cephalic ganglia in this species the area 
presents only fine fibres at the sides of the median space, and 
a large amount of opaque granular matter occurs at the sides 
of the organ, partly mixed with the hypodermic tissue and 
partly in a special capsule at each side, and apparently repre- 
sents a pair of glandular organs. The granular substance has 
not been stained. Posteriorly (before the termination of the 
cephalic ganglia) well-marked median and radiate fibres appear 
in the caruncle; then bands pass from the lateral regions both 
into the latter directly and into the median longitudinal band 
in front of the descending nerve-mass. A very complete raphe 
is formed, and the distribution of the fibres is so arranged that 
the organ and the region below it can be directly pulled. The 
caruncle can thus be elevated or depressed. After the nerve- 
mass has become wholly ventral, strong muscular fasciculi pass 
from the ventral wall to the base of the caruncle, and spread 
out on each side of it; then the band is chiefly median and 
attached to the base and to the small knob representing the 
organ posteriorly. The caruncle in this species differs consi- 
derably in external form from that of Euphrosyne foliosa, 
being more or less elongate and free, and the tentacle is like- 
wise filiform. The latter merges into the base of the former 
anteriorly (Pl. 7, fig. 1). 
In Euphrosyne foliosa a pair of closely approximated 
eyes lie at the anterior part of the caruncle (Pl. 6, fig. 3, ocd.), 
