THE LEECHES OF JAPAN. 391 
developed, as in fig. 44, and, in some cases, is scarcely more 
than indicated in shadowy and faded colours (fig. 46). The 
lateral stripes are narrower and duller, and often scarcely 
differ from the ground-colour, their position, then, being 
recognisable by their dark borders. These stripes are con- 
stricted at every annular groove, and sometimes quite inter- 
rupted at these points, the dark borders becoming confluent, 
and forming thus a chain of oval areas (fig. 41). The margins 
(embracing a narrow area on both the dorsal and ventral 
side) are orange yellow, olive, or brownish yellow bordered on 
each side by irregular dark brown flecks. 
The ventral side is olivaceous, and sometimes marked by a 
few scattered flecks of dark brown. 
Habitat.—Abundant in the rice fields and ditches about 
Tokio. Found also in Aomori, but not in Yezo. 
Habits.—Active. Food not known. 
Internal Organs.—The male organ opens between the 
6th and 7th ganglia (beginning with the sub-cesophageal) ; the 
female between the 7th and 8th. The ovaries do not lie near 
the anterior end of the vagina, as they do in all the foregoing 
species, but have shifted their position to a point just before 
the 12th ganglia (Pl. XXI, fig. 64). Both the vagina and 
penial pouch are very long. The vagina is not plainly dif- 
ferentiated into a saccular and a tubular portion, but its 
posterior half is somewhat larger than the anterior. The 
oviducts are concealed by a large ovate glandular mass (gl. 
alb.), which lies diagonally across the nerve-chain, concealing 
the 10th ganglia. The common oviduct (od. c.) issues from 
the small end of the albuminiferous glands, makes a few bends 
and enters the hind end of the vagina (v.). 
The vas deferens (v. d.) of either side passes into a coiled 
portion, the vesicula seminalis (epididymis), near the level 
of the ninth pair of ganglia, emerges in the form of a long 
trumpet-shaped portion (d.), the ductus ejaculatorius, 
which tapers gradually into the narrow terminal portion of the 
efferent duct. This terminal part of the seminal duct passes 
forward to near the sixth pair of ganglia; then, making a short 
