482 ARTHUR BOLLES LEE. 
not materially differ from received views. Its substance— 
cytoplasm—consists (Pl. XX VII, fig. 7, also fig. 19, and others) 
of a reticulum which encloses in its meshes a plastic granular 
liquid, which Carnoy calls the enchylema. This enchylema 
is the same thing exactly as the paramitome or interfilar mass 
of Flemming, and the reticulum of Carnoy is the same thing 
as the mitome of Flemming; the’ word reticulum being used 
instead of the less definite word mitome, because Carnoy holds 
that the mitome has in fact a reticular arrangement. That is 
to say, he holds a view more similar to the views of Frommann, 
Klein, and Heitzmann, than to the more cautious conclusion 
of Flemming, who admits the existence of the filamentar 
element, but does not admit that the reticular arrangement of 
the fibrils is the typical arrangement. Let me note in passing, 
that Leydig seems to find networks much more frequent than 
the plexiform, or radiating, or other arrangement of fibrils. 
Externally the cell-body is limited by a denser layer of 
cytoplasm called a membrane. It consists of more or less 
differentiated cytoplasm, and is frequently not separable in any 
way from the cell-body, in which case it only receives by 
courtesy the name of a membrane. It is frequently pitted ; 
but Carnoy holds that the pits discoverable in it are not open 
pores, but are closed by more or less solidified enchylema or 
paramitome substance. I suppose that no one is concerned to 
deny the truth of this doctrine.® 
The structure of the nucleus may be briefly sketched as 
follows: It cousists essentially of a chromatic element, the 
(caryo-)mitome of Flemming ; of a surrounding plasma, which 
Carnoy calls the ‘ caryoplasma,” and an enclosing membrane. 
As to the chromatic or nuclein element: in its typical form 
(fig. 1, dn.) it appears as a more or less tightly convoluted 
single cord or filament, “cordon nucléaire,” Balbiani; 
“Kernfaden,” Strasburger; “boyau nucléinien,” Car- 
| Leydig, ‘Zelle u. Gewebe,’ 1885, pp. 1—11, p. 34, and particularly the 
admirable plates. 
2 Leydig’s view (I. ¢., p. 12, sqq.) is more complicated, but not necessarily 
antagonistic, 
