154 SIDNEY F. HARMER. 
deposited nearly all the pigment taken up by it in deep brown 
masses of granules. 
Finally, at the 378th hour, the funicular tissue, having rid 
itself of the granules which had taken up Bismarck-brown, was 
commencing to redevelop fresh granules, which had an appear- 
ance perfectly similar to those of the normal zocecium. 
During the actual excretion of the Bismarck-brown by the 
funicular tissue, the deposited granules are contained in 
vacuoles like those which have already been noticed as con- 
cerned in taking up carminate of ammonia. At a later period 
the vacuoles disappear, and the pigment is in the form of the 
dense masses already described. 
The zocecia to which the above statements refer were ob- 
viously living. Some of the zocecia were, however, dead, and 
in these cases the ectocyst and the tissues generally were 
stained deeply, but diffusely, by the Bismarck-brown. A 
similar fact was noted with regard to the action of indigo- 
carmine on dead zoccia of Flustra papyrea. 
In B. avicularia the leucocytes are at first uncoloured by 
the Bismarck-brown. Ata later period, as was the case in 
B. neritina, they may become coloured by that pigment. 
An analogous phenomenon was observed with regard to indigo- 
carmine, the blue colour of the leucocytes increasing in inten- 
sity after the first absorption of the pigment. This probably 
implies that a certain amount of the pigment occurred at 
first dissolved in other parts of the zocecium, and that the 
leucocytes had charged themselves with the office of removing 
all the indigo-carmine with which the other tissues were 
infiltrated. 
The alimentary canal and tentacles in this species take up 
large quantities of Bismarck-brown. In some cases such 
polypides simply degenerate into “ brown bodies” which have 
an intensely orange-brown colour, in consequence of the arti- 
ficial pigment contained in them. 
In other cases, however, the alimentary canal undoubtedly 
excretes the pigment into its lumen. This process takes place 
by the separation of small round vesicles from some part of 
