70 C. A. MAO MUNN. 
to be a lipochrome. If these observations be correct, they 
would show that the chlorophyll constituent becomes changed 
into the lipochrome one, as is said to be the case in plants 
at times. 
Echinochrome.—I find this colouring matter present in 
Amphidotus cordatus, Echinus sphera, and in other 
species which I have not been able to identify. It is probably 
present in ali Echinoids.! 
Worms. 
I have not met with much of interest from a spectroscopic 
point of view among worms, although the description even of 
negative characters may be useful in preventing others from 
going over the same ground again. 
Phyllodoce viridis.—Geddes” observes in his paper ‘‘ On 
the Nature and Functions of the ‘Yellow Cells’ of Radiolarians 
and Celenterates :’—‘‘ I have also exposed to light . ... the 
green polychete annelid (Phyllodoce viridis)... . 
but, as I had expected, without finding the shghtest evolution 
of oxygen to take place.” This result is easily explained, as I 
find Phyllodoce does not owe its colour to chlorophyll. 
The pigment appears to be present in the granular condition; 
it is easily extracted by rectified spirit, and after about twenty 
hours’ extraction yields a deep olive-green solution, which 
transmits the red and green and gives no marked absorption 
band. Nothing like a chlorophyll band could be seen, although 
a little red was absorbed. 
With a drop of weak ammonia solution the extract became 
a fine red colour, and then in a deep layer a narrow strip of 
red was transmitted, while in a thinner layer a broad band 
with ill-defined edges appeared in the part of green nearer the 
1«Qn the Chromatology of the Blood of Some Invertebrates,” ‘Quart. 
Journ. Mier. Sci.,’ October, 1885; vide ‘Proc. Birm. Philos. Soc.,’ vol. iii, 
1888; and cf. Gamgee’s ‘ Physiological Chemistry,’ pp. 134 and 135. In the 
first of the papers here quoted I stated that I had found Hchinochrome in 
Strongylocentrotus lividus. 
2 «Proc. Roy. Soc. Edin.,’ xi, p. 379. 
