CONTRIBUTIONS TO ANIMAL CHROMATOLOGY. 81 
alcohol solution was orange in shallow, red in deep layers ; it 
absorbed in the latter all of the blue end of the spectrum, 
transmitting red and a little green, and gave no band in 
red. In shallow layers a single broad band became detached 
from about 1523 to \ 476.1 On evaporation a residue partly 
brownish orange, partly red, was left soluble in the lipochrome 
solvents, e.g. ether, in which it formed an orange solution, and 
had the same spectroscopic characters as when dissolved in 
alcohol ; in chloroform, forming a fine orange-red solution, and 
having the same spectroscopic characters ; and in turpentine. 
The residue from any of these solutions became a transient blue 
and green with nitric acid, blue and dirty green with sulphuric 
acid, and perhaps greenish with iodine in iodide of potassium. 
Water extracted a little colouring matter forming a faint 
greenish solution, having a very faint pink tint with ammonium 
sulphide and with ammonia. 
The glycerine solution had a faint reddish tint and showed no 
distinct bands, and was unaffected by sulphide of ammonium, 
The acetic acid solution was of an orange colour with the 
same spectroscopic characters as the alcohol and ether 
solutions. 
It was evident that Styela owed its fine red colour to 
red lipochromes. Probably the change in the spectrum of the 
ether solution was due to oxidation. 
Botryllus violaceus.—On allowing alcohol to remain in 
contact with this Ascidian for forty-eight hours the alcohol 
assumed a deep, dull yellow colour, and this gave a band in 
red like that of chlorophyll, but then the chlorophyll bands 
were absent, the violet end of the spectrum being strongly 
absorbed up to the middle of green. In a thinner layer one 
lipochrome band was seen from about 4516 to 4468.2. On 
evaporation this left a brownish-yellow, and in some places 
brownish-red, residue. This was partially soluble in ether with 
a yellow colour, showing also in a deep layer a band in the 
extreme red and absorbing the blue end of the spectrum 
1 Darker part from 4503 to A476. 
? Dark part 4503 to 471. 
