160 W. WALDEYER. 
well as of tissue-cells, in a certain Flatworm (Mesostomum). 
Owing to its publication in an obscure journal, Schneider’s 
work was overlooked, and the discovery was independently made, 
shortly after, for a second time by Biitschli (41, 42) and H. 
Fol (65). Dr. Schleicher, one of van Bambeke’s pupils in Ghent, 
invented in 1878 (179) the name “ Karyokinesis””—i.e. nuclear 
movement, for the series of phenomena in question; whilst 
Mayzel (138, 134), of Warsaw, and especially Strasburger (190 
—194), of Bonn, W. Flemming (57—68), of Kiel, E. van Bene- 
den (18—24), of Liége, and recently Rabl (165), of Prague, 
have been the chief contributors to the advance of our know- 
ledge of the process. Flemming must be particularly noted, 
as his version in the controversy of opinion has gained the 
most adherents. Place will be found in the course of the 
description for several further data in the development of our 
knowledge of karyokinesis. An accurate history of the 
literature will be found in the following monographs :—Stras- 
burger’s ‘ Zellbildung und Zelltheilung,’ 8 Aufl.; 1880; ‘Neue 
Untersuchungen tiber der Befructungs Vorgang bei den Phanero- 
gamen als Grundlage fiir eine Theorie der Zeugung,’ 1884; 
‘Ueber Kern- und Zell-theilung im Pflanzenreiche nebst einem 
Anhange uber Befructung,’ Jena, 1888; Flemming’s ‘ Zell- 
substanz, Kern- und Zell-theilung,’ Leipzig, 1882; and van 
Beneden’s ‘ Recherches sur la maturation de l’ceuf, la fécunda- 
tion et la division cellulaire, Ghent, Leipzig, Paris, 1883. 
Again, reference should be made to the works of Rabl (‘‘ Ueber 
Zelltheilung,” ‘Morph. Jahrb.,’ x), of Mark (“ Maturation, 
Fecundation, and Segmentation of Limax campestris,” 
‘Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool.,’ of Harvard Coll., Camb., Mass., 
U.S.A., vol. vi, No. 12), and of Carnoy, in his journal ‘ La 
Cellule,’ vols. i, ii, 111, iv. 
If we disregard the process of segmentation discovered in 
1824 by Prévost and Dumas, H. v. Mohl (140) in Tiibingen 
was the first to show in 1835 that cells and their nuclei in- 
creased by division in plants; Remak (171) in Berlin in 1841 
in animals and in embryonic blood-cells. Through the 
numerous researches of the last, and of R. Virchow, on 
