192 W. WALDEYER. 
such cases become daily diminished in number. On this point 
we must refer especially to the beautiful researches of Flemming 
and his pupils (60), who have recently shown karyokinetic 
figures to be the rule in all lymphatic cells. 
“The instances of nuclei with feebly-developed network, in 
which our methods have hitherto not sufficed to show the con- 
tortions of the threads during division, afford no ground for 
distinguishing a direct from an indirect nuclear division— 
the terms themselves are not happily chosen. These cases 
rather tend to show that the old simple form drawn up by 
Remak is the fundamental form in which modifications only 
occur in those cases in which the nucleus contains a distinct 
network with chromatic substance.” 
In the meantime, however, the number of doubtful cases of 
amitotic cell-division has increased, and I am,no longer 
justified in repeating the statement which I made some pages 
later on in the paper just quoted, “‘ We may say that we have to 
search for direct division, and that authenticated examples of it 
are very seldom recorded, and will continually be more seldom 
reported.” For the rest, however, I must hold to the quota- 
tion on the grounds which I will give below. But first, I 
must describe some examples of amitotic and mitotic divisions, 
both of usual and abnormal form. Flemming (58) and Rabl 
(165) still cling to direct (i.e. amitotic) division for some 
leucocytes. Mayzel (Hoyer’s ‘ Festschrift,’ Taf. u, fig. 49) 
failed to find mitosis in the formation of giant-cells in regenerat- 
ing corneal epithelium of the Frog. Statements to the same 
effect have been made by Johow (101) and others for 
plants, especially the Characez. Direct nuclear division was 
found by Frenzel (71) in the intestinal epithelium of Crustacea. 
In insects the same is seen, together with indirect division in 
special gland-cells of the intestinal crypts. Fraisse (70) very 
frequently missed karyokinesis in the regeneration of different 
tissues, and maintained in almost every case the occurrence of 
simple direct division. He is even of opinion that the typical 
nuclear-division figure makes its appearance only when the 
formation of a definite organ is concerned. Mitosis has been 
