280 W. WALDEYER. 
rom each of them starts the “star figure” in the cell-protoplasm, the 
‘“‘cytaster.” The splitting of the chromosomes is complete. 
Fic. 8.—The nucleus of a similar cell seen from one pole, showing the 
cleft chromosomes arranged in the equatorial plane of the spindle, and the 
**nole-body” in the centre. 
Fic. 9.—The nucleus at the stage of “metakinesis” (after Rabl). The 
spindle, pole-bodies, and “ cytasters ” are shown; the two halves of the cleft 
chromosomes are separating from one another, and the apices are directed 
towards opposite poles. 
Vic. 10.—A later stage in metakinesis (after Rabl). The apices of the 
halves of the chromosomes are still further separated, but the limbs are still 
in contact. 
Fic, 11.—The “dyaster” stage (after Rabl). The two halves of each 
primary chromosome are now completely separated, and have nearly reached 
the opposite poles of the spindle, forming the two ‘“‘daughter stars.” The 
limbs of the daughter chromosomes are no longer parallel to the threads of 
the spindle, of which only a small portion near each pole is shown. The ends 
of the chromosomes are connected by the “filaments réunissantes” of van 
Beneden. 
Fig. 12.—The two daughter nuclei completely separated, lying in the cell- 
body, which shows a commencing constriction. The daughter nucleus in A is 
in the “skein” stage; it shows the “hilus” corresponding to the original 
‘pole ” of the mother nucleus. The nucleus B is in a resting condition, the 
primary threads have given rise to secondary threads; the pole corresponds to 
the antipole of the mother nucleus. The new nuclear membranes have made 
their appearance. The cell-protoplasm still exhibits its darker and lighter 
portions. 
Fic. 13.—The egg of Ascaris megalocephala, at the stage of the 
so-called -‘ equatorial plate” or monaster (after van Beneden), partly dia- 
grammatic. Four chromosomes lie at the equator of the spindle. The figure 
shows the attraction spheres, each of which consists of a central or pole-body 
surrounded by a light medullary zone and a darker cortical zone. The various 
ray-figures meet at the cental body, and are composed of spindle, cytaster, 
and antipodal cone. The ring enclosed by the last is called the “ polar circle.” 
The circumference of the cytaster, sometimes in form of a ridge around 
the surface of the egg, is the tropical circle; whilst the area which is free 
from these ray-figures is the ‘‘ equatorial zone.” 
Fie. 14.—The egg of Ascaris megalocephala, at the moment of the 
extrusion of the second directive corpuscle (after E. van Beneden). The dark 
