CONSTITUTION AND DEVELOPMENT OF TERMITES. 249 
pelled me to discuss neoteinia! and the simplification and 
degeneration of forms, and therefore to express my present 
views on the Thysanura, which for a long time formed the 
special object of my studies. 
In these preliminary remarks I have prominently set forth 
the fundamental ideas which have directed my work, and now 
pass at once to the consideration of the Termites. 
As yet two species only of Termitide, Calotermes flavi- 
collis, Fabr., and Termes lucifugus, Rossi, have been 
found in Italy. The latter forms the subject of Lespés’ 
admirable monograph,? but Calotermes flavicollis is known 
to us only by a few accounts of merely systematic importance, 
and not even complete.® 
However, Fritz Miller has made important investigations* 
1 (The term neoteinia has been introduced by Camerano (‘ Bull. Soc. 
Ent. Ital.,’ 1885, pp. S9—94) to denote the persistence during adult life of 
part or all of the characteristics normally peculiar to the immature, growing, 
or larval stages (e.g. the persistence of gills in the axolotl). It therefore 
covers much the same ground as is denoted by the term pedogenesis, but 
appears, so far as can be gathered from Camerano’s paper, to include a some- 
what wider class of facts than those comprised under the latter term, which 
would fall under his definition of total as opposed to partial neoteinia. 
Neoteinia, or the persistence of larval characteristics, does not necessarily 
imply that anticipation in time of sexual maturity which is usually connoted 
with the use of the term pedogenesis,—which, moreover, is strictly applied 
to agamic reproductions.—W. F. H. B.] 
2 « Recherches sur l’organisation et les meurs du Termite lucifuge,” 
‘Ann. Sci. Nat.’ (4), v (1856), pp. 227—282, pls. v—vii. 
3 (Hagen, “ Monographie der Termiten,”’ ‘ Linn. Entom.,’ x, 1—144, 270— 
395; xii, 4—342. The reference to C. flavicollis, op. cit., xii, pp. 54— 
61, pl. i, fig. 12; pl. ii, fig. 15.] 
4 “Beitrage zur Kenntniss der Termiten,” ‘Jen. Zeitschr.,’ vii (1873). 
I. “Die Geschlechtstheile der Soldaten von Calotermes,”’ pp. 333—340, 
pls. xix, xx. II. “Die Wohnungen unserer Termiten,” pp. 341—358. 
III. “‘ Die Nymphen mit kurzen’ Fliigelscheiden ? (Hagen), ‘ Nymphes de la 
deuxitme forme’ (Lespés). Hin Sultan in seinem Harem,” pp. 451—463. 
Id., ix, 1875. IV. “Die Larven von Calotermes rugosus, Hag.,” 
pp. 242 —264, pls. x—xiii. 
