CONSTITUTION AND DEVELOPMENT OF TERMITES. 305 
apex ; and the condition of the third and fourth joints being 
pilose, led me to infer that eighteen would have been present 
if they were intact. But this is never the case in these forms. 
There remain for description those substitute forms which 
are derived from perfect insects which have not become black, 
and have the wings torn off (Pl. 17, fig. 24). They measure 
about 6 mm. in length, and possess the customary long out- 
standing hairs. The dark compound eyes are conspicuous, 
and the ocelli can also be made out. The antenne are 
curtailed as usual, and the wings are rarely torn off exactly 
along the hind margin of the squama, but so as to leave an 
additional portion of varying, usually small size, the laceration 
following a very irregular course, as if the wing had been 
gnawed off. 
The body is generally of a yellow colour, and is not spotted 
with black, but the margin of the pronotum, especially the 
posterior, and the hind margins of the meso- and meta-notum 
are of a uniform brown, even when seen through the micro- 
scope. 
Occasionally the head and the entire meso- and meta-notum 
are brown ; frequently, also, the thoracic pleurz and the outer 
face of the basal portion of the legs. In some examples the 
apex of the abdomen is brownish. In some the wings are of a 
uniform dirty white, but in many others the squama, the costal 
margin, and perhaps part of the torn edge are brown. 
The genital appendices are present in the male, but are 
wanting in the female, as in other complementary and sub- 
stitute queens. 
The stages of growth of substitute or complemental forms 
with longer or shorter wing-buds are important, and require 
notice. They are to be found by selection of the examples 
with seventeen or eighteen antennal joints and rudiments of 
the wings. According to Lespés’ classical researches, these 
examples are of two kinds, with the wing outgrowths respec- 
tively strongly and feebly developed. The former (fig. 10) are 
his “nymphs of the first form;” the latter (figs. 19 and 20), 
