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  GEOFFREY 
  SMITH. 
  

  

  the 
  hyoid 
  to 
  complete 
  their 
  chain 
  of 
  ossicles 
  (extra-coluraella), 
  

   while 
  the 
  Mammalia 
  have 
  pressed 
  into 
  this 
  service 
  the 
  con- 
  

   stituents 
  of 
  the 
  arch 
  in 
  front— 
  namely, 
  the 
  quadrate 
  and 
  

   articular 
  (incus 
  and 
  malleus). 
  

  

  (Since 
  this 
  article 
  was 
  in 
  type 
  A^ersluys 
  (15) 
  has 
  published 
  

   a 
  most 
  thorough 
  account 
  of 
  the 
  development 
  of 
  the 
  Lacertilian 
  

   columella. 
  I 
  am 
  happy 
  to 
  see 
  that 
  his 
  results 
  are 
  in 
  complete 
  

   accord 
  with 
  my 
  own). 
  

  

  Literature. 
  

  

  1. 
  Platnek, 
  F. 
  — 
  ' 
  Bemerkuugen 
  iiber 
  das 
  Quadrat-bein 
  und 
  die 
  Paukeii- 
  

   holile 
  der 
  Vogel,' 
  1839. 
  

  

  2. 
  Hasse, 
  C. 
  — 
  " 
  Zur 
  Morpkologie 
  des 
  Labyrinths 
  der 
  Vogel," 
  'Anatoni. 
  

   Studien,' 
  Bd. 
  i, 
  1873. 
  

  

  3. 
  Pakker, 
  W. 
  K. 
  — 
  "On 
  tlie 
  Structure 
  and 
  Development 
  of 
  the 
  Skull 
  of 
  

   the 
  Common 
  Fowl," 
  'Phil. 
  Trans. 
  Roy. 
  Soc. 
  Lond.,' 
  vol. 
  clix, 
  pt. 
  ii, 
  1869. 
  

  

  4. 
  Huxley, 
  T. 
  H. 
  — 
  " 
  On 
  the 
  Representatives 
  of 
  the 
  Malleus 
  and 
  Incus 
  of 
  

   the 
  Mammalia 
  in 
  the 
  other 
  Vertebrata," 
  'Proc. 
  Zool. 
  Soc. 
  Lond.,' 
  1869. 
  

  

  5. 
  Moldenhauer, 
  W. 
  — 
  "Die 
  Entwicklung 
  des 
  mittlerenund 
  desausseren 
  

   Ohres," 
  'Morph. 
  Jahrb.,' 
  Bd. 
  iii, 
  1877. 
  

  

  6. 
  Magnien, 
  L. 
  — 
  "Recherches 
  sur 
  I'anatomie 
  comparee 
  de 
  la 
  corde 
  du 
  

   tympan 
  des 
  oiseaux," 
  'Comptes 
  Rendus 
  de 
  I'Academie 
  des 
  Sciences,' 
  t. 
  ci, 
  

   1885. 
  

  

  7. 
  Gadow, 
  H.— 
  'Phil. 
  Trans.,' 
  1888, 
  vol. 
  clxxix. 
  

  

  8. 
  Gadow 
  und 
  Selenka. 
  — 
  "Vogel," 
  'Bronn's 
  Klassen 
  und 
  Ordiiungen,' 
  

   Bd. 
  vi, 
  Abt. 
  4, 
  1891. 
  

  

  9. 
  Hoffmann, 
  C. 
  K. 
  — 
  " 
  Reptilien," 
  ' 
  Bronn's 
  Klassen 
  und 
  Ordnungen,' 
  

   Bd. 
  vi, 
  Abt. 
  3, 
  1891. 
  

  

  10. 
  Versluys. 
  — 
  "Die 
  mittlere 
  und 
  aursere 
  Ohrsphiire 
  der 
  Laccartilia 
  und 
  

   Rliyncocephalia," 
  'Zool. 
  Jahrb.,' 
  Bd. 
  xii. 
  Heft. 
  2. 
  

  

  11. 
  Gaupp, 
  E. 
  — 
  "Oatogenese 
  und 
  Phylogenese 
  des 
  schalleitenden 
  Appa- 
  

   rates 
  bei 
  den 
  Wirbelthieren," 
  'Aniit. 
  Hefle,' 
  2te 
  Abt., 
  1898. 
  

  

  (See 
  this 
  paper 
  for 
  discussion 
  of 
  whole 
  question 
  and 
  complete 
  list 
  of 
  

   literature.) 
  

  

  12. 
  SciiAUiNSLAND, 
  H. 
  — 
  "Wcitere 
  Beitriige 
  zur 
  Entwickluugsgeschichle 
  

   der 
  Hatteria," 
  ' 
  Arch. 
  Mikr. 
  Anat.,' 
  Ivi, 
  1900. 
  

  

  13. 
  Kingsley. 
  — 
  "The 
  Ossicula 
  Auditus 
  of 
  Vertebrates," 
  'Tuft's 
  College 
  

   Reports,' 
  1900. 
  

  

  14. 
  Howes, 
  G. 
  B., 
  and 
  Swinnerton, 
  H. 
  H. 
  — 
  " 
  Developement 
  of 
  the 
  

   Skeleton 
  of 
  the 
  Tuatara," 
  ' 
  Traus. 
  Zool. 
  Soc. 
  Lond.,' 
  vol. 
  xvi, 
  pt. 
  i, 
  1901. 
  

  

  15. 
  Versluys, 
  J. 
  — 
  "Entwicklung 
  der 
  Columella 
  auris 
  bei 
  den 
  Lacer- 
  

   lilien," 
  'Zool. 
  Jahrb.,' 
  Bd. 
  xix. 
  Heft 
  1. 
  

  

  