﻿532 
  J. 
  BRETLAND 
  FARMER 
  AND 
  J. 
  K. 
  S. 
  MOOHE. 
  

  

  mode 
  of 
  procedure 
  here 
  pursued 
  is 
  identical 
  with 
  that 
  en- 
  

   countered 
  among 
  the 
  cells 
  composing 
  the 
  rest 
  of 
  the 
  animal's 
  

   body 
  ; 
  for 
  although 
  it 
  is 
  by 
  no 
  means 
  so 
  easy 
  to 
  follow 
  out 
  

   the 
  whole 
  cycle 
  of 
  events 
  among 
  the 
  cells 
  composing 
  the 
  

   ordinary 
  body 
  tissues, 
  a 
  sufficient 
  number 
  of 
  phases 
  of 
  

   division 
  have 
  been 
  encountered 
  to 
  show 
  that 
  the 
  number 
  of 
  

   the 
  chromosomes 
  is 
  thirty-two 
  and 
  that 
  the 
  characters 
  of 
  the 
  

   division 
  of 
  these 
  elements 
  are 
  similar 
  to 
  those 
  of 
  the 
  pre- 
  

   maiotic 
  series 
  of 
  the 
  testis. 
  

  

  The 
  number 
  of 
  the 
  ordinary 
  pre-maiotic 
  divisions 
  which 
  

   actually 
  occur 
  in 
  the 
  testis 
  and 
  precede 
  the 
  onset 
  of 
  the 
  

   reduction 
  process 
  is 
  not 
  easy 
  to 
  ascertain 
  ; 
  it 
  is 
  not 
  less 
  than 
  

   six 
  or 
  eight, 
  and 
  it 
  may 
  possibly 
  be 
  as 
  many 
  as 
  ten 
  to 
  

   twenty; 
  but 
  whatever 
  the 
  number 
  of 
  these 
  divisions 
  there 
  may 
  

   actually 
  be, 
  the 
  process 
  of 
  pre-maiotic 
  multiplication 
  in 
  the 
  

   testis, 
  as 
  in 
  the 
  ovary, 
  sooner 
  or 
  later 
  comes 
  to 
  an 
  end, 
  and 
  is 
  

   succeeded 
  by 
  the 
  chain 
  of 
  events 
  which 
  results 
  in 
  the 
  

   reduction 
  of 
  the 
  number 
  of 
  the 
  chromosomes 
  in 
  each 
  cell 
  by 
  

   one 
  half, 
  and 
  the 
  rendering 
  of 
  the 
  resulting 
  elements 
  ready 
  

   for 
  sexual 
  conjugation. 
  

  

  (h) 
  The 
  Maiotic 
  Phase. 
  

   The 
  onset 
  of 
  this 
  singular 
  metamorphosis, 
  the 
  maiotic 
  

   phase, 
  is 
  first 
  apparent 
  by 
  virtue 
  of 
  an 
  alteration 
  in 
  the 
  resting 
  

   nuclei 
  which 
  are 
  about 
  to 
  enter 
  upon 
  the 
  change. 
  Such 
  nuclei 
  

   become 
  obviously 
  more 
  chromatic 
  than 
  those 
  of 
  the 
  pre-maiotic 
  

   cells, 
  whilst 
  the 
  chromatin 
  network, 
  from 
  being 
  loosely 
  

   scattered 
  through 
  the 
  nuclear 
  substance, 
  assumes 
  a 
  fine 
  and 
  

   very 
  even 
  granular 
  appearance, 
  which 
  often 
  suggests 
  the 
  

   existence 
  of 
  a 
  very 
  closely 
  tangled 
  spireme 
  thread. 
  As 
  time 
  

   goes 
  on, 
  however, 
  the 
  fine 
  mesh 
  work 
  of 
  chromatin 
  becomes 
  

   more 
  and 
  more 
  definitely 
  arranged 
  — 
  polarized, 
  in 
  fact. 
  That 
  

   is 
  to 
  say, 
  it 
  presents 
  strands 
  which 
  run 
  round 
  the 
  nucleus 
  in 
  

   loops, 
  and 
  these 
  as 
  they 
  develop 
  assume 
  a 
  horseshoe 
  form 
  

   with 
  their 
  rather 
  pointed 
  ends 
  open, 
  and 
  all 
  are 
  collected 
  

   together 
  at 
  one 
  side 
  so 
  as 
  to 
  form 
  a 
  distinct 
  pole 
  field 
  in 
  the 
  

   ordinary 
  sense. 
  It 
  is 
  at 
  this 
  period 
  that 
  the 
  sphere 
  and 
  

  

  