84 l.'TCHARn EVAN'S. 



we can very plainly see in that hi^anclied sponge "wliicli has 

 geraniules with smooth shells. In a long-ituclinal section of a 

 snitable piece we find — ■(!) Gemmules which are completely 

 developed, and possess a smooth shell containing a large 

 number of the rounded masses accurately described by Meyen. 

 Each of these masses is spherical, and contains in its interior 

 an albuminous fluid and many strongly refractive spherules. 

 It is about as large as a sponge-cell, and quickly disintegrates 

 in water. (2) Gemmules with an obvious shell, which con- 

 tains Meyen's spherical masses and also contains bodies which 

 have Meyen's masses, but are distinguished from these by 

 sending pseudopodia like the ordinary sponge-cells. (3) 

 Gemmules in which the shell and the pore are obvious, con- 

 taining only cellular bodies which send out pseudopodia. 

 Some of these contain a nucleus and a nucleolus like sponge- 

 cells, and are distinguished from these only by the fact that 

 they contain in their interior the refracting spherules already 

 alluded to. (4) Spherical heaps corresponding in size to the 

 gemmules which consist of the above-mentioned bodies, 

 sending out pseudopodia, and of undoubted sponge-cells. The 

 sponge-cells have an obvious nucleus and nucleolus, and they 

 contain besides a mass of veiy fine granules, which may be 

 scattered through the whole cell-body or may be collected 

 in small spherical masses. These spherical masses are of the 

 same size as the refracting spherules already described, and 

 one or two such spherules are often found in the sponge-cells. 

 Eound some of these spherical heaps of cells a very fine 

 structureless membrane can be recognised. The spherical 

 masses, of Meyen which are commonly found in gemmules 

 are nothing else than altered sponge-cells ; by compressing the 

 contents of the gemmule under the cover-slip we can find a 

 nucleus and a neucleolus in every such mass • bvit nucleus and 

 nucleolus are so hidden by the strongly refractile contents of 

 the Meyen's masses that they can only be demonstrated by a 

 process of pressure. These nuclei and nucleoli do not espe- 

 cially differ from those of ordinary sponge-cells." 



Lieberkiihn again, in a third paper (14), speaks as follows 



